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| 1 | |
Some invertebrates do not have a circulatory system that transports substances within vessels like other animals. How do they transport substances to and from their cells? |
| | A) | They don’t. The cells of these invertebrates get nutrition and remove waste differently than other animals. |
| | B) | by cycling internal water mixed with nutrients, gases, and waste |
| | C) | by moving blood to the sinuses of the body cavity |
| | D) | by cycling external water through their gastrovascular cavity |
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| 2 | |
A grasshopper has an open circulatory system; oxygen is delivered slowly in an open system, so a grasshopper has __________ to deliver oxygen directly to its active muscles. An earthworm, which has a closed circulatory system, delivers oxygen to its cells __________. |
| | A) | tracheae; through its blood |
| | B) | hemolymph; through its blood |
| | C) | tracheae; across its body wall |
| | D) | hemolymph; across its body wall |
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| 3 | |
Which structure divides the heart into left and right sides? |
| | A) | a valve |
| | B) | an atrium |
| | C) | a ventricle |
| | D) | a septum |
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| 4 | |
The right side of the heart pumps __________ blood __________. The left side of the heart pumps __________ blood __________. |
| | A) | oxygen-rich; to the tissues; oxygen-poor; to the lungs |
| | B) | oxygen-poor; to the lungs; oxygen-rich; to the tissues |
| | C) | oxygen-poor; to the tissues; oxygen-rich; to the lungs |
| | D) | oxygen-rich; to the lungs; oxygen-poor; to the tissues |
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| 5 | |
The upper chambers of the heart are called __________ and have __________ walls. The lower chambers are called __________ and have __________ walls. |
| | A) | ventricles; thick; atria; thin |
| | B) | atria; thick; ventricles; thin |
| | C) | atria; thin; ventricles thick |
| | D) | ventricles; thin; atria; thick |
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| 6 | |
A(n) __________ is a vessel that takes blood away from the heart and a(n) __________ is a vessel that takes blood to the heart. This specification __________ on the blood’s oxygen content. |
| | A) | vein; artery; changes depending |
| | B) | artery; vein; changes depending |
| | C) | vein; artery; does not rely |
| | D) | artery; vein; does not rely |
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| 7 | |
The SA node is often called the cardiac pacemaker because it __________; the AV node __________. |
| | A) | initiates the heartbeat; signals the ventricles to contract |
| | B) | signals the ventricles to contract; initiates the heartbeat |
| | C) | signals the ventricles to contract; signals the atria to contract |
| | D) | is an external control of heartbeat; is an intrinsic control of heartbeat |
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| 8 | |
The three major types of blood vessels are |
| | A) | diastolic, systolic, and peristaltic. |
| | B) | afferent, efferent, and divergent. |
| | C) | cardiac, smooth, and striated. |
| | D) | arteries, capillaries, and veins. |
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| 9 | |
Which type(s) of blood vessels is/are able to expand to accommodate rapid increases in blood volume because of a middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue in their walls? |
| | A) | capillaries |
| | B) | arteries |
| | C) | veins |
| | D) | all blood vessels are able to expand because of a layer of smooth muscle and elastic tissue in their wall |
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| 10 | |
Which type(s) of blood vessels has/have walls composed of a single layer of endothelium such that they may readily exchange materials with the cells? |
| | A) | veins |
| | B) | arteries |
| | C) | capillaries |
| | D) | all blood vessels have walls composed of a single cell layer to accommodate exchange |
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| 11 | |
__________ take blood to the capillaries from the heart. __________ take blood from the capillary beds to the heart; these blood vessels often have __________ that control the direction of blood flow. |
| | A) | arteries and arterioles; venules and veins; three layers |
| | B) | venules and veins; arteries and arterioles; three layers |
| | C) | venules and veins; arteries and arterioles; valves |
| | D) | arteries and arterioles; veins and venules; valves |
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| 12 | |
The human cardiovascular system consists of which circuits? |
| | A) | pulmonary and systemic |
| | B) | arterial and venous |
| | C) | renal and hepatic |
| | D) | cardiac and cerebral |
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| 13 | |
Oxygen-poor blood from all regions of the body collects in the __________, passes into the __________, which pumps it to the pulmonary trunk. The trunk divides into right and left pulmonary arteries, which carry the blood __________. |
| | A) | right atrium; right ventricle; throughout the body |
| | B) | right atrium; right ventricle; to the lungs |
| | C) | left atrium; left ventricle; to the lungs |
| | D) | left atrium; left ventricle; throughout the body |
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| 14 | |
The chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins is the |
| | A) | right atrium. |
| | B) | right ventricle. |
| | C) | left ventricle. |
| | D) | left atrium. |
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| 15 | |
In a process beginning and ending in capillaries, the hepatic portal system takes blood __________ where it __________. |
| | A) | to the kidneys; picks up waste |
| | B) | from the liver to the intestines; picks up nutrients |
| | C) | from the intestines to the liver; is purified |
| | D) | from the liver to the inferior vena cava; enters the hepatic vein |
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| 16 | |
Blood functions to |
| | A) | help defend the body against invasion by disease-causing viruses and bacteria. |
| | B) | help regulate body temperature. |
| | C) | transport substances to and from the capillaries where exchange takes place with the body’s tissues. |
| | D) | All of these are accurate examples of the function of blood. |
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| 17 | |
The liquid portion of blood, called the __________, is mostly water and __________. The other main portion of blood, called the __________, consists of __________. |
| | A) | plasma; proteins; formed elements; blood cells and platelets |
| | B) | formed elements; blood cells and platelets; plasma; proteins |
| | C) | plasma; blood cells; formed elements; platelets and salts |
| | D) | formed elements; platelets and salts; plasma; blood cells |
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| 18 | |
Which portion of the blood is directly involved in blood clotting, which prevents dangerous blood loss? |
| | A) | plasma |
| | B) | white blood cells |
| | C) | red blood cells |
| | D) | platelets |
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| 19 | |
Two forces control the movement of fluids through the capillary wall: __________ pressure causes water to move from the tissue into the capillary; this pressure is created by the presence of __________. __________ pressure causes water to move out of a capillary into the tissue fluid. |
| | A) | blood; salts and plasma proteins; Osmotic |
| | B) | osmotic; salts and plasma proteins; Blood |
| | C) | blood; oxygen and nutrients; Osmotic |
| | D) | osmotic; oxygen and nutrients; Blood |
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| 20 | |
Blood type is determined by __________ on __________ blood cells. |
| | A) | presence or absence of antigens; white |
| | B) | antibodies; white |
| | C) | presence or absence of antigens; red |
| | D) | antibodies; red |
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