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| 1 | |
What special aspect of anthropology permits the evaluation of many issues that affect people? |
| | A) | its scientific perspective |
| | B) | its holistic perspective |
| | C) | its survey research tools |
| | D) | its ability to simplify complex problems into mathematical models |
| | E) | its concern for people |
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| 2 | |
By instilling an appreciation for human diversity, the entire field of anthropology combats |
| | A) | garbology |
| | B) | ethnocentrism |
| | C) | changing concepts of personhood |
| | D) | development |
| | E) | modernization |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is not a proper role for applied anthropology? |
| | A) | identifying needs for change that local people perceive |
| | B) | working with people to design culturally appropriate and socially sensitive change |
| | C) | protecting local people from harmful policies and projects that may threaten them |
| | D) | working against the tendency to view one's culture as superior and to use one's own cultural values in judging the behavior and beliefs of people raised in other societies |
| | E) | using the latest scientific standards to judge the practices of others. |
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| 4 | |
What was one of the main causes for the growth of applied anthropology in the United States after the World War II? |
| | A) | the anthropological study of Japanese and German "culture at a distance" |
| | B) | the growing dissent towards anthropological research that collaborated with colonialism |
| | C) | the baby boom, which began in 1946 and peaked in 1957, and fueled the expansion of the American educational system |
| | D) | the growing demand for forensic anthropologists |
| | E) | the growing demand for garbologists caused by the increase of garbage |
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| 5 | |
What is development anthropology? |
| | A) | the branch of biological anthropology that focuses on human development |
| | B) | the branch of applied anthropology that focuses on social issues in, and the cultural dimension of, economic development |
| | C) | the branch of medical anthropology that focuses on social issues in, and the cultural dimension of, childbirth |
| | D) | the branch of cultural anthropology that focuses on social issues in, and the cultural dimension of, the development of oral traditions |
| | E) | the branch of linguistic anthropology that focuses on the development of language |
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| 6 | |
What commonly happens when new technologies are introduced into traditional economies marked by uneven resource distribution? |
| | A) | Equity increases. |
| | B) | There is a decrease in social stratification. |
| | C) | There is no change in social stratification. |
| | D) | Wealth disparities increase. |
| | E) | The new technologies have no affect on equity. |
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| 7 | |
What is the most humane and productive strategy for development programs in non-Western communities? |
| | A) | basing the social design for innovation on cooperative models from former socialist countries |
| | B) | basing the social design for innovation on models that generate individual cash wealth through exports |
| | C) | basing the social design for innovation on traditional social forms in each target area |
| | D) | basing the social design for innovation on models that eradicate local traditions |
| | E) | Nations of the First World should leave non-Western communities alone and stop trying to introduce development programs. |
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| 8 | |
Anthropological research in classrooms, homes, and neighborhoods is known as |
| | A) | domestic anthropology. |
| | B) | urban anthropology. |
| | C) | anthropology and education. |
| | D) | holistic anthropology. |
| | E) | anthropology and development. |
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| 9 | |
As an early student of urbanization, Robert Redfield focused on the contrasts between |
| | A) | the sacred and the profane. |
| | B) | urban and suburban communities. |
| | C) | urban and rural life. |
| | D) | diseases and illnesses. |
| | E) | urban and industrial economies. |
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| 10 | |
This chapter's section on urban anthropology describes the 1992 case of two young Samoans who were killed by police in Los Angeles. When a judge dismissed charges against the officer, local Samoan leaders used the matai system to calm angry youth. What is the Samoan matai? What is the point of this case? |
| | A) | The Samoan matai is a traditional drink used in Samoan initiation ceremonies. This case illustrates the importance of preserving traditional ritual practices during transition from rural to urban settings. |
| | B) | The Samoan matai is the traditional Samoan incest taboo. This case illustrates the superiority of personalistic disease theories over naturalistic disease theories. |
| | C) | The Samoan matai is the traditional Samoan subsistence strategy. This case stresses the fact that development projects are doomed to fail if they do not incorporate indigenous models of production. |
| | D) | The Samoan matai is the Samoan term for respecting the elders. This case illustrates the capacity of drawing from traditional systems to deal with urban institutions (in this case the American judicial system). |
| | E) | The Samoan matai is the native term for a Samoan nuclear family. This case illustrates the limits of applied anthropology in an urban context. |
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| 11 | |
What is an illness? |
| | A) | a condition that can be treated by a full- or part-time healer |
| | B) | a condition of poor health perceived or felt by an individual |
| | C) | a vector that introduces illness and poor health into an individual or community |
| | D) | a scientifically identified health threat caused by a bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite, or other pathogen |
| | E) | a cultural universal found only in tropical foragers |
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| 12 | |
Western medicine is an example of which kind of disease theory? |
| | A) | emotionalistic disease theory |
| | B) | personalistic disease theory |
| | C) | naturalistic disease theory |
| | D) | gradualistic disease theory |
| | E) | parasitic disease theory |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following statements about curers is not true? |
| | A) | They are often shamans. |
| | B) | They are found in only band-level and tribal societies. |
| | C) | They emerge through a culturally defined process of selection. |
| | D) | They are certified by older practitioners. |
| | E) | They treat illnesses. |
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| 14 | |
Medical anthropologists increasingly are examining the impact of new scientific and medical techniques on ideas about life, death, and |
| | A) | overinnovation. |
| | B) | personhood. |
| | C) | development. |
| | D) | equity. |
| | E) | euthanasia. |
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| 15 | |
Personhood refers to |
| | A) | concepts of Western kinship. |
| | B) | the main focus of medical anthropology during the 60s and 70s. |
| | C) | concepts of Eastern well-being. |
| | D) | ideas about what is or is not a person. |
| | E) | ideas of personalistic disease theories. |
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