Module Review


1		Early studies of desegregation, such as when the Army desegregated some of its companies, indicated that increasing the amount of between groups can reduce prejudice. More recent studies show, however, that desegregation of schools has effect upon racial attitudes. To reduce conflict, contact between groups should be prolonged, personal, and structured to convey status.


2		In his boys' camp experiments, Sherif demonstrated how conflict between groups promotes within groups. He introduced goals to reconcile opposing groups. Similarly, replacing competitive learning situations with opportunities for learning improved race relations in desegregated schools.


3		When conflicts are not intense or at an impasse, opposing parties may directly, that is, seek agreement through direct negotiation. Sometimes a third-party can help antagonists by replacing their win- view of the conflict with a more cooperative win- orientation and by peeling away their self-fulfilling . is resolution of a conflict by a neutral third party who studies both sides and imposes a solution.


4		Sometimes tension is so high that genuine communication becomes impossible. In such cases, small acts by one party may elicit reciprocal actions from the other.


5		In Osgood's model, one party to a conflict its conciliatory intent, carries out several verifiable conciliatory , and invites the adversary to . Both sides however maintain their capability.