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| 1 | |
Shared goals that necessitate cooperative effort are said to be |
| | A) | reciprocal. |
| | B) | superordinate. |
| | C) | equitable. |
| | D) | companionate. |
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| 2 | |
What has been the influence of school desegregation on racial attitudes in the United States? |
| | A) | neither positive nor negative changes have prevailed. |
| | B) | hostility has increased. |
| | C) | hostility has decreased. |
| | D) | hostility has increased in the South but decreased in the North. |
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| 3 | |
Contact between opposing racial groups reduces hostility |
| | A) | if it occurs in a competitive situation where parties are likely to communicate with each other. |
| | B) | if the minority group is given superior status. |
| | C) | if it is structured to convey equal status. |
| | D) | between younger members of the respective groups but not between older members. |
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| 4 | |
Conflict between groups promotes _______________________ within groups. |
| | A) | unity |
| | B) | conflict |
| | C) | concern for equity |
| | D) | role confusion |
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| 5 | |
Studies of the use of cooperative learning strategies in the schools have shown that such strategies can |
| | A) | lower self-esteem. |
| | B) | lower motivation. |
| | C) | improve race relations. |
| | D) | do all of the above. |
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| 6 | |
Bargaining tough is likely to backfire |
| | A) | when the conflict is over a pie of fixed size. |
| | B) | when the conflict is over a pie that can shrink. |
| | C) | when females bargain tough with males. |
| | D) | in virtually every situation. |
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| 7 | |
The GRIT strategy was formulated as a plan |
| | A) | for reversing conflict through conciliation. |
| | B) | for decreasing interracial tensions in desegregated schools. |
| | C) | to demonstrate how conflict in general can be reduced through arbitration. |
| | D) | to demonstrate how regulation can alleviate social dilemmas. |
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| 8 | |
Compared to compromises, integrative agreements are |
| | A) | more enduring and lead to better ongoing relationships. |
| | B) | only reached through mediation or arbitration. |
| | C) | only possible when perceived injustice is the cause of conflict. |
| | D) | less likely to lead to a permanent settlement. |
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| 9 | |
According to the text, third-party mediators may be helpful in resolving conflicts by |
| | A) | imposing a settlement after hearing both sides of the issue. |
| | B) | introducing a common external threat. |
| | C) | using the GRIT strategy. |
| | D) | facilitating constructive communication. |
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| 10 | |
In "final-offer arbitration," the third party settles a conflict by |
| | A) | introducing a superordinate goal. |
| | B) | compromising between the final offers made by each side. |
| | C) | providing an integrative agreement based on final offers from each side. |
| | D) | choosing between the final offers made by each side. |
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| 11 | |
A key factor in determining whether people will communicate constructively and thereby correct misperceptions is |
| | A) | their trust that the opposing side is well-intentioned. |
| | B) | their verbal fluency. |
| | C) | if each party sticks to statements of fact and refrains from stating how they feel about the other's actions. |
| | D) | if information which contradicts the other party's misperceptions is given bit by bit and not all at once. |
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| 12 | |
The "Kennedy experiment" was an application of ___________________________ to international tension reduction. |
| | A) | equal status contact |
| | B) | the jigsaw technique |
| | C) | the GRIT model |
| | D) | arbitration |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following best illustrates a superordinate goal? |
| | A) | a college student who has been failing English gets an "A" on a paper |
| | B) | a woman beats her husband at tennis |
| | C) | apartment dwellers install a television antenna they can all use |
| | D) | an obese person loses 20 pounds in two weeks |
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| 14 | |
According to the text, contact between two conflicting racial groups can often improve relationships and correct misperceptions. Which kind of contact is, however, least likely to have that effect? |
| | A) | placing Black and White athletes on the same baseball team |
| | B) | having Black and White employees work together in small groups in an industrial plant |
| | C) | placing White policemen on duty in predominantly Black residential neighborhoods |
| | D) | having Blacks and Whites move into the same apartment building |
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| 15 | |
Sherif's studies of conflict in summer camp should lead one to suggest which of the following to a couple having marital difficulties? |
| | A) | play poker, keeping a cumulative score |
| | B) | work together on something |
| | C) | encounter each other: express your true feelings |
| | D) | take separate vacations |
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| 16 | |
Factory workers want a pay rate of $15 per hour and management offers $12 per hour. After weeks of conflict they agree to have a third party set the pay scale. After hearing both sides the third party sets the rate at $14. This is an example of resolving conflict through |
| | A) | bargaining. |
| | B) | arbitration. |
| | C) | mediation. |
| | D) | conciliation. |
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| 17 | |
The GRIT model could be applied to the reduction of conflict between |
| | A) | individuals. |
| | B) | groups. |
| | C) | nations. |
| | D) | all of these. |
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| 18 | |
Kevin and Joel, two teenage brothers, are fighting over the evening newspaper. Knowing Kevin only wants the sports section and Joel only wants the latest stock quotations, their mother takes the paper and gives each boy the section containing the news of interest. In this case the mother arrived at a(n) |
| | A) | mutual compromise. |
| | B) | cooperative settlement. |
| | C) | enlightened consensus. |
| | D) | integrative agreement. |
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| 19 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the four C's of peacemaking? |
| | A) | contact |
| | B) | control |
| | C) | cooperation |
| | D) | conciliation |
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| 20 | |
Social psychologist Morton Deutsch captures the spirit of GRIT in advising negotiators to be |
| | A) | strong-willed and sober. |
| | B) | poker-faced and stoic. |
| | C) | firm, fair, and friendly. |
| | D) | soft, smiling, and sympathetic. |
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