AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 17: Speciation and Macroevolution

Post-Test

1
All of the following statements correctly describe the biological species concept EXCEPT:
A)Members of a species can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
B)Members of a species have a single gene pool.
C)Members are reproductively isolated from other species.
D)The concept may be applied to sexually and asexually reproducing organisms.
2
Phenotypic changes at the species level, and higher levels of taxonomy up to a domain, is referred to as:
A)Microevolution
B)Convergent evolution
C)Macroevolution
D)Disruptive selection
3
Which of the following 'species concept' is correctly matched with its descriptor?
A)Biological species concept – species share same evolutionary pathway
B)Morphological species concept – species are reproductive isolation
C)Evolutionary species concept – species defined by diagnostic traits
D)Phylogenetic species concept – species defined by monophyly, being part of a monophyletic group
4
Mules are sterile hybrids produced by crossing a:
A)female horse and male donkey
B)male horse and a female mule
C)male horse and a female donkey
D)female donkey and a male mule
5
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)Animals are more likely to show polyploidy than plants.
B)Plants are able to have extra genes with no apparent physiological harm.
C)Most hybrids between plant species are sterile.
D)Polyploidy plants may not be able to reproduce sexually, but asexual reproduction may allow new chromosome combinations to survive.
6
The form of reproductive isolation that occurs when species do not mate because their period of most active mating differs, is:
A)postzygotic
B)prezygotic
C)zygote mortality
7
Characteristics of animal genitalia or plant floral structures which make mating with other species impossible are forms of _____ isolation.
A)habitat
B)gamete
C)temporal
D)mechanical
8
The use of pheromones is a form of _____ isolation.
A)behavioral
B)mechanical
C)habitat
D)temporal
9
The inability of the sperm of one species to survive in the reproductive tract of another species is a type of _____ isolation mechanism.
A)habitat
B)mechanical
C)gamete
D)temporal
10
______________ occurs when a diploid plant produces diploid gametes due to nondisjunction during meiosis.
A)Alloploidy
B)Diploids
C)Autoploidy
D)None of these
11
Polyploid plants can successfully reproduce (produce fertile offspring) ________.
A)only with diploid plants
B)only with other like polyploid plants
C)with any plants
12
Sympatric speciation can occur due to _____.
A)geographic isolation
B)mechanical isolation
C)hybridization followed by the doubling of chromosomes
D)adaptive radiation
13
Which of the following is a postzygotic isolating mechanism?
A)Hybrid sterility
B)Habitat isolation
C)Mechanical isolation
D)Temporal isolation
14
Which of the following is not characterisitic of the evolutionary changes in horses?
A)smaller, more fragile teeth
B)increased body size
C)the ability to run longer distances at higher speeds
D)a decrease in number and size of toes
15
The punctuated equilibrium model specifically refers to:
A)the evolution of new species due to a series of small changes that occur constantly over time
B)new species evolve from a series of abrupt, rapid changes after a long period of stabiity
C)the occurrence of many transitional forms
D)an increase in species due to the availability of a variety of new environments
16
All of the following statements about adaptive radiation are true EXCEPT:
A)A single species gives rise to a variety of new species.
B)The Hawaiian honeycreepers are an example.
C)Adaptive radiation rarely occurs.
D)It occurs when a variety of new environments are available.
17
The rejection of finch suitors with the wrong type of beak is a _____ type of isolating mechanism.
A)postzygotic
B)mechanical
C)temporal
D)behavioral
18
Mutations in the _____ lead to the failure of eye development in humans and mice.
A)Hox gene
B)Tbx5 gene
C)Pax6 gene
D)HbS gene
19
Studies of Hox genes have revealed that animal diversity is due to:
A)variations in the expressions of ancient genes
B)the appearance of new and different genes
C)the fixity of species
20
The fossil record of the _____ is complete enough for us to trace the history of the organism.
A)human
B)dog
C)horse
D)snake
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