AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 28: Invertebrate Evolution

Learning Outcomes

28.1 Evolution of Animals

1. List three characteristics that animals have in common that are not found in other multicellular eukaryotes.
2. Distinguish between the different body plans of animals.
3. Summarize the colonial flagellate hypothesis as it relates to the origin of animals.
4. Differentiate between protostome and deuterostome development.

28.2 The Simplest Invertebrates

1. Differentiate between sponges, cnidarians and comb jellies.
2. Explain the function of the anatomical features of a sponge.
3. Compare features of cnidarians to those of comb jellies.
4. Explain the function of the anatomical features of a hydra.

28.3 Diversity Among the Lophotrochozoans

1. List the basic features of lophotrochozoans.
2. Summarize the steps in the lifecycles of Schistosoa and Taenia.
3. Identify morphological features of molluscs, bivalves, rotifers, and annelids.

28.4 Diversity of the Ecdysozoans

1. Identify the characteristics unique to ecdysozoans.
2. Compare three key characteristics of roundworms to that of arthropods.
3. Describe the five characteristics responsible for the success of the arthropods.

28.5 Invertebrate Deuterostomes

1. List the two phyla in the Deuterostomia.
2. Identify morphological structures of the sea star, an echinoderm.
3. Describe how sea stars move, feed, and reproduce.