AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 35: Respiratory Systems

Post-Test

1
Gas exchange takes place by the physical process of _____.
A)receptor mediated endocytosis
B)active transport
C)diffusion
D)osmosis
2
For external respiration to be effective, the area where gas exchange occurs must:
A)be dry.
B)have a large surface area.
C)be thick.
3
Which organisms have a system of air tubes called tracheae through which oxygen is delivered directly to the cells without entering the blood?
A)Earthworms
B)Hydra
C)Terrestrial vertebrates
D)Insects
4
All of the following statements concerning cellular respiration are true EXCEPT:
A)Cellular respiration uses oxygen that enters the mitochondria of cells.
B)Cellular respiration uses oxygen to produce ATP.
C)Cellular respiration uses oxygen which is carried on the hemoglobin of erythrocytes.
D)Cellular respiration takes place in chloroplasts and uses carbon dioxide as well as oxygen.
5
Gas exchange between air and blood within the lungs is part of _____.
A)internal respiration
B)external respiration
C)breathing
6
The effectiveness of diffusion increases when all of the following factors exist EXCEPT.
A)The blood contains a respiratory pigment like hemoglobin
B)The gas-exchange region is thin
C)There is vascularization
D)The surfaces are dry
7
Quite often aquatic organisms have _____, which extract oxygen from the water.
A)lungs
B)tracheae
C)gills
D)air sacs
8
Positive pressure is used by _____ to push air into the lungs.
A)amphibians
B)reptiles
C)birds
D)mammals
9
Exposure to _____ can cause pulmonary fibrosis.
A)the protozoan, Pneumocystis carinii
B)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C)coal dust, asbestos or silica
10
Which of the following is associated with emphysema?
A)Persistent wheezing and expectoration of mucus
B)Fluid-filled bronchi and alveoli
C)A build up of fibrous connective tissue in the lungs
D)Damaged alveoli and decreased surface area for gas exchange
11
Which combines with hemoglobin the most readily?
A)Oxygen
B)Hydrogen
C)Carbon monoxide
12
The PO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) of tissue fluid is lower than that of blood because:
A)cells continually use oxygen in cellular respiration.
B)of a lower pH and temperature in the tissues.
C)of the constant production of oxygen and consumption of CO2.
D)blood can hold more oxygen than tissue fluid.
13
The saturation of hemoglobin is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:
A)Color of hemoglobin
B)pH
C)The partial pressure
D)Temperature
14
Most of the CO2 in the pulmonary capillaries is transported in the form of _____.
A)carbaminohemoglobin
B)the bicarbonate ion
C)carbonic anhydrase
15
Ventilation causes the alveoli of the lungs to have:
A)a lower PO2 and a higher PCO2.
B)equal PO2 and a higher PCO2.
C)a higher PO2 and a lower PCO2.
D)a build up of fibrous connective tissue.
16
Air is warmed, moistened and filtered as it moves through:
A)the lungs.
B)red blood cells.
C)the tissue and into the blood.
D)the pharynx, trachea and bronchi.
17
The surface area in lungs that is available for gas exchange is large due to the presence of _____.
A)alveoli
B)lamellae
C)villi
D)the diaphragm
18
Carbonic anhydrase _____.
A)is an enzyme in red blood cells that speeds up the breakdown of carbonic acid
B)slows down the production of the bicarbonate ion
C)slows down the addition of iron to blood
19
During external respiration,_____.
A)oxygen diffuses from the blood into the tissues
B)oxygen diffuses from the lungs into the blood
C)carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the blood
20
Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart in _____.
A)a pulmonary vein
B)the superior vena cava
C)the pulmonary trunk
D)a pulmonary artery
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