1 If a slice of a pie is used as an analogy for an ecosystem, then _____ could be an analogy for the biosphere.A) the pie crust B) the plate on which the pie is served C) the whole pie D) the pie filling 2 All the silver maples in a given area make up a(n) _____.A) population B) community C) ecosystem D) biosphere 3 Silver maples, red oaks, red wolves, deer, robins, blue jays, a fresh water stream, river otters, black rat snakes, various soil bacteria and fungi, loamy soil, and lots of rain in the spring could describe a(n) _____.A) population B) community C) ecosystem D) biosphere 4 Ecology is the study of _____.A) animal structures and the functions of those structures B) how organisms adapt to a changing environment C) the interactions between organisms and the physical and chemical environment D) how living things are organized and classified 5 Which growth model takes into account the opposition of environmental factors?A) Exponential growth model B) Logistic growth model C) Fluid mosaic model D) Model of inland biogeography 6 On a global scale, the distribution of species is:A) Uniform B) Random C) Clumped 7 When ecologists study the abiotic components of the environment, they are studying _____.A) all organisms B) all predators C) soil, water, and weather D) all organisms, soil, water, and weather 8 When will replacement reproduction result in population growth?A) When there is a stable age structure. B) When the number of young women entering the reproductive years is equal to the number of older women leaving them. C) If there are more young women entering the reproductive years than there are older women leaving them. D) If there are fewer younger women entering the reproductive years than there are older women leaving them. 9 The distribution of the population in the United States would be best described as _____.A) random B) uniform C) clumped 10 To determine the intrinsic rate of natural increase, it is necessary to consider _____.A) the rate of immigration B) the rate of emigration C) the birth rate and death rate 11 Populations increase in size when _____.A) the birth rate exceeds the death rate B) emigration exceeds immigration C) mortality exceeds natality 12 Organisms that have only a single reproductive event in their lifetime _____.A) include most vertebrates, shrubs and trees B) expend all their energy in reproduction and then die C) have adapted to a stable environment D) are iteroparous 13 How do limited resources affect a population?A) Increase the rate of natural increase B) The population grows exponentially C) Prevent a population from reaching its carrying capacity D) Prevent a population from reaching its biotic potential 14 During the stable equilibrium phase of a logistic growth curve, _____.A) growth is slow B) growth is accelerating C) there is little if any growth 15 The maximum number of individuals of a given species that can be supported by a given area on a sustained basis is known as _____.A) biotic potential B) carrying capacity C) exponential growth D) environmental resistance 16 Non-native species like kudzu, zebra mussels, and nutria experience _____ outside their native area due to a lack of natural predators and their ability to compete more successfully than native species for resources.A) environmental resistance B) extinction C) resource partitioning D) exponential growth 17 The human population has a _____ pattern of growth.A) logistic B) exponential 18 K-strategists _____.A) allocate energy to their own growth and survival and to that of their offspring B) are small and mature early C) easily colonize new habitats D) adapt easily when their normal way of life is destroyed 19 Which of the following is a density-dependent factor that regulates population size?A) Competition B) Drought C) Accidental fire D) Earthquake 20 An explosion of the white-tailed deer population has caused all of the following problems EXCEPT:A) increase in Lyme disease which is transmitted by the deer tick. B) increase in food poisoning from eating insufficiently cooked deer meat. C) negatively impacted other species in their range. D) increase in deer-vehicle collisions.