AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 47: Conservation of Biodiversity

Post-Test

1
Conservation biology is specifically concerned with all of the following EXCEPT:
A)developing scientific concepts about the nature and evolutionary origin of biodiversity.
B)preserving and managing ecosystems.
C)studying the effect of cigarette smoke on human lungs.
2
Which of the following ethical principles is supported by conservation biology?
A)Extinctions due to human actions are acceptable.
B)Ecosystems should be simplified so they are more manageable.
C)Biodiversity is desirable for the biosphere and humans.
D)Biodiversity generated by evolutionary change has no real practical benefit and is therefore not of real value.
3
It is estimated that in the next 20-50 years, _____ of all species now living will become extinct unless action is taken.
A)1%
B)10-20%
C)50-60%
D)90-95%
4
What group of organisms has the greatest number of described species?
A)Primates
B)Flowering plants
C)Fish
D)Insects
5
Many people treasure dolphins for their beauty and willingness to interact with man, and are therefore motivated to preserve this species. This is an example of a:
A)Keystone species
B)Exotic species
C)Parasitism
D)Flagship species
6
A group of interacting ecosystems is referred to as:
A)Ecosystem diversity
B)Landscape diversity
C)Genetic diversity
D)Metapopulations
7
About _____ of all known higher plant species are located in areas called biodiversity hotspots.
A)5%
B)44%
C)75%
D)90%
8
A population that has limited _____ diversity is much more likely to become extinct.
A)genetic
B)community
C)landscape
D)ecosystem
9
The U.S. Department of Agriculture introduced the kudzu vine as a means of preventing soil erosion. That plant now covers much of the southern landscape, smothering native tree (plant) species. This is an example of:
A)overexploitation.
B)a flagship species increasing in abundance in its native habitat.
C)habitat exploitation.
D)an exotic species negatively impacting its nonnative habitat.
10
Potent chemicals from the _________, are used to treat Hodgkin's disease and childhood leukemia.
A)rosy periwinkle
B)horseshoe crab
C)penicillium
D)armadillo
11
A direct value of biodiversity to humans is _____.
A)new medicines for treatment of diseases
B)waste disposal
C)climate regulation
D)prevention of soil erosion
12
An endangered species is one that is:
A)likely to become extinct in the near future.
B)likely to become extinct in the immediate future in all, or almost all, of its range.
C)likely to increase in number as its range becomes larger.
D)changes its habitat because of the imminent danger of predators.
13
Which of the following is a goal of restoration ecology?
A)To use scientific means to return ecosystems to their state prior to habitat degradation.
B)Find new species with which to restock damaged ecosystems
C)Remove humans from the most severely damaged ecosystems
D)Replace keystone species with flagship species
14
As a habitat patch decreases in size:
A)a decreasing amount of patch is influenced by the edge effect.
B)there is no difference in the amount of patch that is influenced by the edge effect.
C)an increasing amount of patch is influenced by the edge effect.
D)the edge effect does not apply in this situation.
15
A population that lives in a favorable area and has a birth rate higher than the death rate is called a _____ population.
A)meta
B)source
C)sink
16
A study that examined imperiled U.S. plants and animals found that _______ was the greatest threat to these species.
A)disease
B)habitat loss
C)pollution
D)overexploitation
17
The overfishing of perch and herring resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:
A)a decline in the seals and sea lions that eat perch and herring.
B)exponential growth of sea urchins, which are usually consumed by sea otters.
C)increased consumption of sea otters by orcas in lieu of seals and sea lions.
D)kelp beds increased in number and size.
18
Global warming is caused by _____.
A)an increase in the consumption of fossil fuels
B)reforestation
C)decrease in methane production
D)the hole in the ozone layer
19
Nonylphenols _____.
A)harm wildlife by mimicking hormones
B)cause lake eutrophication
C)deplete the ozone layer
D)are contributing to global warming
20
Acid deposition _____.
A)is only a problem in the actual area where sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are emitted
B)occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide combine with water vapor in the atmosphere to produce acid precipitation
C)stimulates the growth of plants
D)has increased the biodiversity in many lakes in the northern United States
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