AP Biology (Mader), 11th Edition

Chapter 8: Cellular Respiration

Learning Outcomes

8.1 Cellular Respiration

1. Describe the overall reaction for glucose breakdown and show that it is a redox reaction.
2. Examine the role of NADH and FADH₂ redox reactions in cellular respiration.
3. Evaluate where each carbon molecule goes in a 6-carbon glucose molecule.

8.2 Outside the Mitochondria: Glycolysis

1. Describe where in the cell that glycolysis takes place.
2. Compare the amount of carbon between input and output of glycolysis.

8.3 Outside the Mitochondria: Fermentation

1. Explain how ATP can continue to be produced in the absence of oxygen.
2. Compare the benefits and drawbacks of fermentation.

8.4 Inside the Mitochondria

1. Explain the fate of each carbon during the complete aerobic metabolism of glucose.
2. Contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and chemiosmosis as methods of ATP synthesis.
3. Describe how electron energy from redox reactions is used to create a proton gradient.

8.5 Metabolic Pool

1. Compare the pathways of carbohydrate, fat, and protein catabolism.
2. Explain how the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts enable a flow of energy through living things.