Biology (Raven), 10th Edition

Chapter 26: The Origin and Diversity of Life

Pre-Test

1
Which of the following is NOT true of Miller and Urey's experiments?
A)They assembled a reducing atmosphere excluding O2.
B)They used electrodes to discharge sparks to simulate lightning.
C)They placed cosmic dust into ocean water and heated it to 100°C.
D)Glycine and alanine were produced.
E)Within a week, 15% of CH4 was converted into other carbon compounds.
2
The early Earth reducing atmosphere is thought to have lacked which of the following gases?
A)N2
B)O2
C)CO2
D)H2O
E)SO4
3
You have just invented a time machine and you want to investigate the past (the dream of every paleontologist!). When is the earliest time in Earth history that you could go back and not have to have an oxygen tank so that you could breathe normally?
A)Cambrian Period
B)Phanerozoic Eon
C)Archaean Eon
D)Quaternary Period
E)Devonian Period
4
You have chosen RNA as the most likely molecule to be first enclosed by a membrane. You understand that it has the ability to store information and can self-replicate, but what else is necessary for simple metabolic processes to occur in a timely manner?
A)A biological catalyst.
B)Energy from ADP.
C)A pump, to drive a concentration gradient.
D)A mechanism to control self-replication.
E)Both a mechanism to control self-replication and energy from ADP.
5
Chloroplasts are energy-harvesting organelles derived from which of the following?
A)Halobacteria
B)Cyanobacteria
C)Flavobacteria
D)Purple nonsulfur bacteria
E)Gram-positive bacteria
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