1 A) Animals helped them enhance sexual reproduction. B) Animals helped them disperse the next generation. C) Flowering plants produce fruit. D) A major innovation of flowering plants is the seed. 2 A) Whole genome duplications occurred at the origins of both seed plants and angiosperms. B) Seed plants appear to have evolved from spore-bearing progymnosperms. C) Seed plants experienced an accelerated evolution. D) The Progymnosperm shared many features with the modern angiosperm. 3 A) true B) false 4 A) aided by external water B) aided by animals C) aided by insects D) aided by pollen tubes 5 A) Anthophyta B) Coniferophyta C) Ginkophyta D) Cyadophyta 6 A) true B) false 7 A) a concave cell that stores fluid B) a concave cell that floats in fluids C) another name for xylem D) an efficient conducting cell commonly found in angiosperms 8 A) cycad; 1000 tears old B) ginko; 4900 years old C) redwood; 5900 years old D) bristlecone pine; 4900 years old 9 A) Coniferophyta B) Cyadophyta C) Gnetophyta D) Ginkokphyta 10 A) A pine tree is considered a sporophyte in the life cycle of a typical pine. B) In the pine life cycle, a round of mitosis is interposed between meiosis and fertilization. C) Pine megaspores develop into four-celled pollen grains with a pair of air sacs for added buoyancy when released into the air. D) Both the male and the female pine gametophyte develop from spores. 11 A) true B) false 12 A) yew, divalent B) ginko; divalent C) ginko; dioecious D) yew, dioecious 13 A) one copy of 121 out of 790 of its known mitochondrial protein genes B) one copy of 10,000 out of 12 million of its known mitochondrial protein genes C) one copy of 20 out of 31 of its known mitochondrial protein genes D) one copy of 12100 out of 7,902,516 of its known mitochondrial protein genes 14 A) true B) false 15 A) carpel, stigma, ovary B) carpel, integument, receptacle & pedicel C) receptacle & pedicel, stamen and carpel D) ovary, stigma and style 16 A) stigmas and styles B) carpels and styles C) stamens and carpels D) petals and nectaries 17 A) tips of petals B) within megaspores C) within receptacles D) within seeds 18 A) germination, mitosis, double fertilization, mitosis, meiosis B) germination, meiosis, mitosis, double fertilization, meiosis C) germination, meiosis, mitosis, double fertilization, mitosis D) germination, meiosis, mitosis, meiosis, double fertilization 19 A) The process involves two sperm. One sperm unites with the egg and forms a zygote, which develops into an embryo sporophyte plant. The other sperm and the three polar nuclei unite to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus. B) The process involves two sperm. One sperm unites with the egg and forms a zygote, which develops into an embryo sporophyte plant. The other sperm and the two polar nuclei unite to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus. C) The process involves one sperm. Upon fertilization, the egg divides into two zygotes of which one forms an embryo sporophyte plant and the other forms a diploid primary endosperm nucleus. D) The process involves three sperm. One sperm unites with the two polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus, and each of the remaining two sperm unites with an egg to form a doubly fertilized embryo sporophyte plant. 20 A) Provides the capability of stopping development under unfavorable conditions so it can proceed under favorable ones. B) Affords maximum protection to the young plant at its most vulnerable stage of development. C) Provides the young plant with a safe supply of nourishment. D) Facilitates the dispersal of the seed; thereby making possible the migration of the plant genotype into new habitats. E) All of the statements are correct. F) None of the statements are correct 21 A) true B) false
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