Biology (Raven), 10th Edition

Chapter 35: Deuterostomes

Post-Test

1
Which of the following is NOT one of the principle features of the chordates?
A)nerve chord
B)vertebral column
C)notochord
D)pharyngeal pouches
E)postanal tail
2
Which of the following is considered the closest relative of the vertebrates?
A)tunicates
B)echinoderms
C)lancelets
D)amphibians
E)fishes
3
What is the proper name for the bony or cartilaginous segments that make up the spine?
A)vertebrates
B)vertebrae
C)notochord segments
D)neural tube segments
E)No choice is correct.
4
Echinoderms show pentaradial symmetry but they are thought to have evolved from bilaterally symmetrical ancestors. What is the evidence for this?
A)the fossil record
B)bilateral symmetry in all other deuterostomes
C)bilaterally symmetrical larvae
D)homology of the water vascular system with other deuterostomes
E)None of the choices are correct.
5
Select the statement that is NOT true concerning the neural crest.
A)They participate in the development of many different structures.
B)They develop on the crest of the notochord.
C)They are a unique group of embryonic cells.
D)They migrate to various locations in the developing embryo.
E)All choices are correct.
6
True or false: Some fish are more closely related to other vertebrates than to other fish, and some reptiles are more closely related to birds than to other reptiles.
A)true
B)false
7
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of fishes?
A)vertebral column
B)jaws
C)internal gills
D)single-loop circulation
E)All choices are characteristics of fishes.
8
Select the best representative for the class of fish from which amphibians almost certainly evolved.
A)ray-finned fishes
B)sharks
C)armored fishes
D)lobe-finned fishes
E)spiny fishes
9
Select the feature that does NOT distinguish living amphibians.
A)legs
B)shoulder muscles
C)partially divided heart
D)lungs
E)pulmonary veins
10
Select the proper name for reptiles with one hole in the side of the skull behind the eye.
A)orbits
B)anapsids
C)diapsids
D)synapsids
E)therapsids
11
Most therapsids became extinct 170 MYA, but one group survived. Select the proper name for its living descendants.
A)syanpsids
B)birds
C)mammals
D)pelycosaurs
E)None of the choices are correct.
12
What feature of reptiles, found in birds and mammals as well, is considered its most important attribute because it allows reptiles to live in a wide variety of terrestrial habitats?
A)amniotic eggs
B)dry skin
C)thoracic breathing
D)jaws
E)None of the choices are correct.
13
In most reptiles, oxygenated blood is repumped after leaving the lungs. In comparison, blood in fishes flows from the gills directly to the rest of the body. Which statement correctly compares the two modes of circulation?
A)Blood circulation is faster in fish than in reptiles.
B)Fish deliver oxygen to tissues more efficiently than do reptiles.
C)Blood circulation is faster in reptiles than in fish.
D)Fish blood circulation minimizes mixing of oxygen-poor blood and oxygen-rich blood.
E)Both reptiles and fishes pump blood and deliver oxygen with equal efficiency.
14
True or false: Today's birds are "feathered dinosaurs" - the direct descendants of dinosaurs.
A)true
B)false
15
Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of mammals?
A)hair
B)mammary glands
C)endothermy
D)placenta
E)All choices are distinguishing characteristics.
16
Select the group(s) of mammals that are NOT viviparous.
A)monotremes
B)marsupials
C)placental
D)Theria
E)All choices are viviparous.
17
Select the statement that is NOT correct with respect to bipedalism.
A)The evolution of bipedalism marks the beginning of hominids.
B)Bipedalism evolved 2 million years earlier than substantial brain expansion.
C)Substantial brain expansion evolved 2 million years earlier than bipedalism.
D)The reason bipedalism evolved in hominids remains a matter of controversy.
E)All choices are correct statements.
18
Compare the length of time the modern human has been extant and the length of time dinosaurs were.
A)2 million years; 250 million years
B)3,000 years; 1,000 years
C)600,000 years;150 million years
D)1 million years; 150 million years
E)No choice is correct.
19
Human racial categories do a very poor job of describing the genetic variation in humans; one study calculated that only _______percent of all genetic variation among humans could be attributed to racial differences.
A)25%
B)1.5%
C)18%
D)8%
E)All choices are incorrect.
20
Select the correct definition of diurnal.
A)active day or night
B)active during daylight
C)active during the night
D)two urethras
E)capable of hibernation
21
What distinguishes primates from mammals and other animals?
A)grasping fingers
B)grasping toes
C)binocular vision
D)All choice are correct.
E)No choice is correct.
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