Biology (Raven), 10th Edition

Chapter 45: The Endocrine System

Post-Test

1
What is a paracrine?
A)alternative name for hormone
B)substance that travels through the blood
C)secreted by the parathyroid gland
D)acts within an organ as a local regulator
E)neurohormones
2
What is NOT a true comment about hydrophilic hormones?
A)They can act through intermediary G proteins.
B)A second messenger (e.g. cAMP) is often involved.
C)They can work by activation of transmembrane receptor proteins.
D)They stimulate an immediate response.
E)They have a long duration of action (e.g. days).
3
What is the proximate cause of a goiter?
A)reduced levels of TRH
B)a non-functional thyroid gland
C)elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone
D)depressed levels of thyroid stimulating hormone
E)none of these
4
The hormones insulin and glucagon are produced by different cells in the pancreas and have antagonistic effects. Insulin promotes the cellular uptake of glucose into liver, muscle and fat cells. What occurs when blood glucose levels decrease?
A)decreased insulin and glucagon production
B)increased glucagon production.
C)glycogen released into the blood
D)increased insulin production
E)increased glucagon production followed by glucose release from the liver
5
What could be the cause of plant bugs failing to become sexually mature and remaining larva?
A)incorrect rearing temperature
B)presence of a synthetic or analogue juvenile hormone in the food
C)presence of a synthetic or analogue ecdysone in the food
D)incorrect photoperiod affecting melatonin production
E)None of the possible answers is correct.
6
Select as many molecular properties of hormones as apply.
A)highly reactive molecules
B)carbohydrates
C)stable molecules
D)very large molecules
E)they are both highly reactive and very large
7
True or false: Lipophilic hormones generally work faster than hydrophilic hormones because they pass through the cell membrane and work directly in the cell.
A)true
B)false
8
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by the posterior pituitary and stimulates water reabsorption by the kidneys. What is the body's response to dehydration?
A)More ADH is secreted.
B)Less ADH is secreted.
C)Urine will become less concentrated.
D)Diuretic hormone will be secreted.
E)None of the possible answers is correct.
9
Select what might cause a person to exhibit weight loss, nervousness and overheating.
A)hypothyroidism
B)diabetes
C)cretinism
D)hyperthyroidism
E)hypoglycemia
10
True or false: Hormones are produced only by endocrine glands.
A)true
B)false
11
What sort of molecules are both insulin and ADH?
A)steroid hormones
B)amine hormones
C)peptide/protein hormones
D)glycoproteins
E)pheromones
12
Select the most complete and correct comment about norepinephrine.
A)neurotransmitter
B)hormone
C)neurotransmitter and hormone
D)steroid hormone
E)None of answers is correct.
13
Which of the following statements about prostaglandins is true?
A)Aspirin promotes the production of prostaglandins.
B)Prostaglandins are produced only by endocrine glands.
C)Prostaglandins travel in the circulatory system to reach their target cells.
D)All of these are true.
E)None of these are true.
14
What is the function of cytokines?
A)regulate cell division and differentiation in the immune system
B)promote growth and cell division in the nervous system
C)help maintain proper mineral balance in the body
D)help maintain proper water balance in the body
E)regulate reproductive cycles
15
Which of the following types of hormones enter their target cells?
A)polypeptide hormones
B)steroid hormones
C)glycoprotein hormones
D)All selections are correct.
E)No selection is correct.
16
Why is iodine a part of a healthy diet?
A)Iodine is needed for an enzyme that facilitates the synthesis of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
B)The thyroid gland cannot produce thyroxine without iodine, which leads to the goiter condition.
C)Iodine is necessary for the proper functioning of the thyroid, adrenals and pancreas.
D)The iodine is needed for positive feedback to the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroxine. This in turn prevents the goiter condition.
17
Select the statement about glucocorticoids that is not correct.
A)Glucocorticoids stimulate the breakdown of muscle into amino acids.
B)Cortisol is a gucocorticoid.
C)Glucocorticoids stimulate the pancreas to produce the enzymes needed for gluconeogenesis.
D)Glucocorticoids are released during times of stress.
18
Select the correct statement about melatonin.
A)Melatonin levels decrease in darkness and increase in daylight.
B)Melatonin is secreted by the hypothalamus.
C)Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the anterior pituitary.
D)Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothlamus.
19
True or false: Paracrine regulators include growth factors, nitric oxide gas and prostaglandins.
A)true
B)false
20
Prostaglandins are derived from what precursor?
A)cortisol, a lipid
B)membrane phopholipids
C)cholesterol, a lipid
D)arachidonic acid, a peptide
E)arachidonic acid, a lipid
21
What cell produces insulin?
A)alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans
B)exocrine cells in the pancreas
C)beta cells in the islets of Langerhans
D)osteoclasts in the islets of Langerhans
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe

Please read our Terms of Use and Privacy Notice before you explore our Web site. To report a technical problem with this Web site, please contact the Web Producer.