Biology (Raven), 10th Edition

Chapter 46: The Musculoskeletal System

Post-Test

1
What is the sequence of events in earthworm movement?
A)wave of longitudinal muscle contractions followed by circular muscle contractions moving down the body
B)wave of hydrostatic pressure beginning with the lowering of anterior pressure moving down the body
C)wave of circular muscle contractions followed by longitudinal muscle contractions moving down the body
D)chaetae attaching the body to the ground and contracting in waves down the body
2
Select the most correct statement concerning osteoblasts.
A)secrete alkaline phosphatase
B)can turn into osteocytes
C)can turn into osteoclasts
D)are not associated with collagen fibers
E)both secrete alkaline phosphatise AND can turn into osteocytes
3
True or false: Bone is 95 percent hydroxyapatite with the balance a mixture of collagen and alkaline phosphatase.
A)true
B)false
4
Select the best description of the critical event in the contraction of striated muscles.
A)release of calcium ions from troponin
B)binding of calcium ions to tropomyosin
C)binding of calcium ions to troponin
D)release of calcium ions from tropomyosin
E)none of the selections
5
Some common insects, such as flies and mosquitoes, beat their wings at frequencies faster than the nerves can carry successive impulses. How does this work?
A)Their wings are convex creating negative pressure on top and positive pressure below. This pressure difference makes the wings move without stimulation from nerved.
B)The contraction of one set of muscles stretches the other set without the need for nervous system stimulation.
C)Their wings are concave creating negative pressure below and positive pressure above. This pressure difference makes the wings move without stimulation from nerved.
D)The nerves the initiate the process release enough transmitter into the wing- muscle synapses to move the wings through more than one contraction.
6
Where is chitin not found?
A)fungi
B)arthropods
C)exoskeleton
D)endoskeleton
E)protists (some)
7
Select the incorrect statement concerning bone development.
A)There are two ways bone develops: endochondral and intramembranous.
B)In intramembranous development, osteocytes arrange themselves along collagenous fibers.
C)Bones formed through endochondral development are usually found deeper in the body such as ribs and pelvis.
D)Bone formed through intramembranous development are flat bones such as the skull and jaw.
E)All of the statements are correct.
8
Which of the following is not the proper name for a joint?
A)ball-and-socket
B)gliding joint
C)sliding joint
D)combination joint
E)hinge joint
9
True or false: When vertebrate skeletal muscle contracts each myofilament shortens.
A)true
B)false
10
True or false: The physical constraints to movement - gravity and frictional drag - are the same in every environment, and are encountered by every animal.
A)true
B)false
11
During a muscle contraction, which of the following does not shorten?
A)between Z lines
B)A bands
C)I bands
D)H bands
E)None of the noted bands shorten.
12
What are the components of the cross-bridge in muscle?
A)troponin and actin
B)tropomyosin and myosin
C)myosin and troponin
D)myosin and actin
E)actin and tropomyosin
13
Which of the following is a requirement for coordinated movements?
A)a short relaxation time between successive muscle twitches
B)the division of muscle into motor units
C)slow-and fast-twitch fibers
D)summation of muscle twitches
E)All selections are required for coordinated movement.
14
When a somatic motor neuron delivers electrochemical impulses to stimulate the contraction of muscle fibers, it releases which of the following?
A)norepinephrine
B)dopamine
C)glumate
D)acetylcholine
E)endorphins
15
Muscle fibers store Ca2+ in which of the following?
A)transverse tubules
B)sarcolemma
C)muscle cell membranes
D)canaliculi
E)sarcoplasmic reticulum
16
How do muscles attach to bone?
A)with cartilage
B)to the periosteum
C)tendon
D)joints
E)tendon or periosteum
17
Select the incorrect statement concerning the Haversian system.
A)found in endochondral bone
B)Haversian lamellae are found in endochondral bone
C)Haversian canals may contain blood vessels but always contain nerve fibers
D)Haversian canals are found in endochondral bone
18
What is the developmental fate of mesenchyme cells that participate in the formation of intramembranous bone?
A)fibroblasts
B)chondroblasts
C)osteoblasts
D)osteocytes
E)chondrocytes
19
Intracellular communication within bone is facilitated by what structure?
A)periosteum
B)canaliculi
C)medullary cavity
D)epiphysis
E)Sharpey's fibers
20
What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction?
A)When ATP is hydrolyzed, the conformation of actin is changed.
B)ATP blocks the formation of the cross-bridge.
C)When ATP is hydrolyzed, the conformation of myosin is changed.
D)Once the cross-bridge is formed, the hydrolysis of ATP initiates the power stroke
21
Select the incorrect statement about muscle fibers.
A)In addition to type I and type II fibers, human muscles have an intermediate form.
B)Skeletal muscle fibers can be divided into slow-twitch and fast -twitch fibers.
C)Fast-twitch muscles are rich in capillary supply, mitochondria and myoglobin.
D)Human sprinters have more fast-twitch fibers than slow-twitch.
Glencoe Online Learning CenterScience HomeProduct InfoSite MapContact Us

The McGraw-Hill CompaniesGlencoe