17.1 Overview of the Endocrine System

1			Compared to the nervous system, which of the following is not characteristic of the endocrine system?
			A)	reacts slowly to a stimulus
			B)	produces a longer lasting response to a stimulus
			C)	adapts quickly to a continual stimulus
			D)	communicates with electric signals
2			Which of the following is not an important pathway of control between endocrine glands?
			A)	pituitary-gonadal axis
			B)	pituitary-thyroid axis
			C)	pituitary-adrenal axis
			D)	pituitary-pineal axis
3			Driving in congested traffic may cause release of which of these pituitary hormones?
			A)	ADH
			B)	ACTH
			C)	TSH
			D)	GH
4			Which of the following pituitary hormones stimulates the testes to secrete testosterone?
			A)	FSH
			B)	LH
			C)	TSH
			D)	GH
5			This hormone, synthesized in the hypothalamus but stored in the posterior lobe of the pituitary, is produced when osmoreceptors sense a rise in blood osmolarity.
			A)	antidiuretic hormone
			B)	growth hormone
			C)	thyroid-stimulating hormone
			D)	prolactin
			E)	thyroxine
6			An increase in triiodothyronine concentrations would have all of the following effects except
			A)	increasing sodium/potassium pump activity.
			B)	a rise in oxygen consumption.
			C)	greater heat production.
			D)	more mitochondrial enzymes produced.
			E)	enhanced thyroid stimulating hormone production.

17.3 Other Endocrine Glands

7			Estradiol is produced by which of the following?
			A)	sustentacular cells of the testes
			B)	interstitial cells of Leydig in the testes
			C)	islet cells of the pancreas
			D)	granulosa cells of the ovary
8			Which gland secretes calcitonin and a hormone that stimulates ATP production?
			A)	pineal gland
			B)	thymus
			C)	thyroid gland
			D)	adrenal gland
9			Which of the following hormones will cause a fall in blood glucose concentrations?
			A)	parathyroid hormone
			B)	epinephrine
			C)	melatonin
			D)	insulin
			E)	glucagon
10			This hormone raises blood calcium levels.
			A)	glucagon
			B)	aldosterone
			C)	angiotensin
			D)	parathyroid hormone
			E)	calcitonin
11			Calcitonin and parathyroid hormones work together to help maintain blood calcium homeostasis. Which of them works to decrease blood calcium?
			A)	calcitonin
			B)	parathyroid hormone
12			The pineal gland produces this hormone which has effects in PMS, sleep cycles, menstrual cycles, and depression.
			A)	serotonin
			B)	melatonin
			C)	T1
			D)	T2
13			The thymus is largest during which part of the human life cycle?
			A)	old age
			B)	middle age
			C)	teenage years
			D)	childhood

17.4 Hormones and Their Actions

14			Which of the following concepts explains the fact that target cells do not have a great number of receptors and normal circulating blood concentrations of hormones are very low?
			A)	hormone specificity
			B)	hormone saturation
			C)	hormone half-life
			D)	enzyme amplification
15			The G-protein functions as
			A)	a peripheral membrane protein.
			B)	a first messenger.
			C)	an enzyme activator.
			D)	a ligand.

17.5 Stress and Adaptation

16			The stress response includes all of the following except the
			A)	alarm reaction.
			B)	resistance stage.
			C)	exhaustion stage.
			D)	delay stage.

17.6 Eicosanoids and Paracrine Signaling

17			The synthesis of which of the following paracrine substances will be least affected by the daily administration of steroids?
			A)	somatostatin
			B)	leukotrienes
			C)	prostacyclin
			D)	prostaglandins
			E)	thromboxanes
18			Chemical messengers that don't travel in blood but simply diffuse into and affect nearby cells are called ________ secretions.
			A)	endocrine
			B)	paracrine
			C)	exocrine
			D)	holocrine

17.7 Endocrine Disorders

19			A lack of antidiuretic hormone will lead to
			A)	acromegaly.
			B)	dwarfism.
			C)	diabetes insipidus.
			D)	endemic goiter.
			E)	diabetes mellitus.
20			Hyperparathyroidism causes which of the following?
			A)	bone resorption and renal calculi
			B)	decreased blood calcium and muscle tetany
			C)	exophthalmos
			D)	endemic goiter