22.1 Anatomy of the Respiratory System

1			This cartilage, seen more prominently in men than women, is part of the structural framework of the larynx.
			A)	thyroid cartilage
			B)	cricoid cartilage
			C)	arytenoid cartilage
			D)	corniculate cartilage
			E)	cuneiform cartilages
2			The lateral wall of the nasal fossa has three bony projections called the
			A)	nasal conchae.
			B)	nasal septum.
			C)	ala nasi.
			D)	vomer.
3			The palatine tonsil is located in the ________________.
			A)	laryngopharynx
			B)	nasopharynx
			C)	oropharynx
			D)	larynx
4			Which is the most correct sequence of air passage from the nose to the alveoli?
			A)	nasopharynx > larynx > trachea > bronchia > bronchiole
			B)	mouth > larynx > pharynx > trachea > bronchia
			C)	oropharynx > larynx > pharynx > bronchia > trachea
			D)	nasopharynx > larynx > bronchia > trachea > bronchiole
			E)	mouth > larynx > trachea > bronchia > hilum
5			Of the following, which best describes the function of the cartilaginous rings?
			A)	provide a mucociliary escalator
			B)	secrete surfactant to keep alveoli open
			C)	produce sounds when air passes between them
			D)	keep food and drink out of the airway
			E)	keep airway open during inhalation
6			Pleural fluid is important for all of these reasons except it
			A)	reduces cohesion of water molecules.
			B)	lubricates pleural cavity.
			C)	helps to create pressure gradient.
			D)	assists in inflation of lungs.
			E)	allows for compartmentalization of thorax.

22.2 Pulmonary Ventilation

7			All of the following factors could produce bronchoconstriction except
			A)	cold air.
			B)	histamine.
			C)	asthma.
			D)	epinephrine.
			E)	airborne irritants.
8			Peripheral chemoreceptors communicate with the brainstem via the
			A)	vagus nerve only.
			B)	phrenic nerve only.
			C)	phrenic and vagus nerves.
			D)	glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
			E)	hypoglossal and vague nerves.
9			Which of the following does not cause an increased resistance to airflow?
			A)	bronchoconstriction
			B)	pulmonary fibrosis
			C)	epinephrine
			D)	anaphylactic shock
10			Which of the following is not part of the medulla oblongata?
			A)	pneumotaxic center
			B)	inspiratory neurons
			C)	inspiratory center
			D)	ventral respiratory group
11			As the thoracic cavity expands, the
			A)	intrapulmonary pressure increases.
			B)	intrapleural pressure falls.
			C)	alveolar pressure rises.
			D)	intrapleural pressure remains constant.
12			Normal, resting breaths are called
			A)	vital capacity.
			B)	functional residual capacity.
			C)	residual volume.
			D)	tidal volume.
13			This law states that pressure of a given quantity of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume (assuming a constant temperature).
			A)	Boyle's Law
			B)	Dalton's Law
			C)	Charles' Law
			D)	Henry's Law
14			The law that states a given quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature is ________________.
			A)	Boyle's Law
			B)	Dalton's Law
			C)	Charles' Law
			D)	Henry's Law
15			The ability of the lung to expand with ease is called
			A)	transpulmonary pressure.
			B)	intrapleural pressure.
			C)	atelectasis.
			D)	pulmonary compliance.

22.3 Gas Exchange and Transport

16			Which gas has a partial pressure of about 160 mmHg in inspired air?
			A)	N2
			B)	O2
			C)	H2O
			D)	CO2
17			The primary factor affecting chemoreceptors of blood gases is _____.
			A)	CO2
			B)	O2
			C)	pH
			D)	CO
18			All of the following factors will cause the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to be lower except
			A)	lower pH.
			B)	rising body temperature.
			C)	lower pO2 in tissues.
			D)	elevated BPG levels.
			E)	lower carbon dioxide concentrations.

22.4 Respiratory Disorders

19			In this condition, the walls of the alveoli are destroyed, leading to a lower surface area for respiration.
			A)	sleep apnea
			B)	emphysema
			C)	histotoxic hypoxia
			D)	chronic bronchitis
			E)	asthma
20			The most common lung cancer (characterized by keratin tissue replacing lung tissue) is
			A)	squamous-cell carcinoma.
			B)	adenocarcinoma.
			C)	oat cell carcinoma.
			D)	None of the above.