4.1 DNA and RNA-The Nucleic Acids

1			A DNA molecule wraps around a cluster of histones and appears as granules on the chromatin thread. This granule is called a
			A)	nucleosome.
			B)	nucleotide.
			C)	base pair.
			D)	None of the above.
2			For the sequence GATTACA, what would the complementary DNA strand be?
			A)	CUAAUGU
			B)	GATTACA
			C)	CTAATGT
			D)	TCGGCTC
3			The backbone or sides of the DNA "ladder" is composed of
			A)	deoxyribose and nitrogenous bases.
			B)	phosphate groups and nitrogenous bases.
			C)	deoxyribose and phosphate groups.
			D)	ribose and phosphate groups.
4			The letters A,G,T, and C represent
			A)	phosphate groups.
			B)	sugar groups.
			C)	nitrogenous bases.
			D)	protein molecules.
5			The type of bond between the A-T and G-C pairs is
			A)	polar covalent.
			B)	non-polar covalent.
			C)	ionic.
			D)	hydrogen.

4.2 Genes and Their Actions

6			How does newly synthesized mRNA pass from the membrane-bound nucleus into the cytoplasm?
			A)	It passes through nuclear pores.
			B)	It is exocytosed from the nucleus.
			C)	It is actively transported by a special ATPase.
			D)	It passes across the membrane, facilitated by carrier proteins.
			E)	It is transported in clathrin-coated vesicles.
7			A molecule that has an anticodon on one end and a specific amino acid on the other is called ________________.
			A)	mRNA
			B)	rRNA
			C)	tRNA
			D)	chaperone
8			What reads the codons on mRNA and binds to appropriate tRNA?
			A)	small ribosomal subunit
			B)	large ribosomal subunit
			C)	Golgi complex
			D)	SER
9			Which of the following has an enzyme that forms peptide bonds between amino acids?
			A)	small ribosomal subunit
			B)	large ribosomal subunit
			C)	Golgi complex
			D)	SER
10			Messenger RNA is synthesized in the ________________.
			A)	nucleolus
			B)	spliceosome
			C)	ribosome
			D)	polysome
			E)	nucleus

4.3 DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle

11			Chromosomes appear and the nuclear envelope disintegrates during which phase of mitosis?
			A)	anaphase
			B)	metaphase
			C)	prophase
			D)	telophase
12			The molecule responsible for separating the DNA helix is known as
			A)	replicase.
			B)	polymerase.
			C)	RNase.
			D)	helicase.
13			The molecule responsible for generating a new strand of DNA is known as ________________.
			A)	replicase
			B)	polymerase
			C)	RNase
			D)	helicase
14			The term semiconservative refers to _______________.
			A)	transcription
			B)	translation
			C)	DNA replication
			D)	protein synthesis
15			The cell cycle refers to
			A)	the life cycle in a normal cell.
			B)	cell division only in a normal cell.
			C)	the life cycle of a cancer cell.
			D)	cell division in a cancer cell.

4.4 Chromosomes and Heredity

16			Excessive growth factors or growth factor receptors implicated in the development of cancer are caused by
			A)	oncogenes.
			B)	tumor-suppressing factors.
			C)	peroxisomes.
			D)	macrophages.
17			If a mother has blood type O (ii) and the father has type AB(IAIB), their child could have blood type
			A)	A or B.
			B)	B or AB.
			C)	AB or O.
			D)	O or B.
18			If the mother is a carrier for hemophilia (X-linked trait) but the father does not have this condition, what is the chance that their son will have the disease?
			A)	75%
			B)	50%
			C)	25%
			D)	0%
19			For this same couple, what is the chance that their daughter will have the disease?
			A)	75%
			B)	50%
			C)	25%
			D)	0%
20			If a man who has X-linked hemophilia marries a woman carrying but not having the same condition, what is the chance of their having a hemophilic son?
			A)	100%
			B)	25%
			C)	75%
			D)	33%
			E)	50%