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| 1 | |
The earliest ancestors of humans probably appeared in Africa around |
| | A) | 2,000,000 years ago. |
| | B) | 1,250,000 years ago. |
| | C) | 400,000 years ago. |
| | D) | 40,000 years ago. |
| | E) | 10,000 years ago. |
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| 2 | |
Early (Old Stone Age) humans did all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | get their food by hunting and gathering. |
| | B) | divide some types of work between women and men. |
| | C) | develop pottery and weaving. |
| | D) | make paintings of wild animals. |
| | E) | engage in territorial struggles over resources. |
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| 3 | |
The agricultural revolution, planting crops and herding animals, had all of the following effects EXCEPT |
| | A) | it supported a larger population. |
| | B) | it encouraged new skills and specialties. |
| | C) | it necessitated long-term planning. |
| | D) | it was the imperative step to be taken on the path to cities and civilization. |
| | E) | it promoted the concept of male "father" deities. |
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| 4 | |
The first agricultural villages appeared in the hills of the Near East because |
| | A) | the humans with sufficiently advanced brains were only found there. |
| | B) | the region offered the necessary combination of animals for domestication and vegetables and cereals. |
| | C) | the area's dry climate necessitated large-scale irrigation projects. |
| | D) | the hills provided protection from less developed hunting and gathering peoples. |
| | E) | the heavy annual rainfall meant extremely fertile soil. |
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| 5 | |
The appearance of civilization brought all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | the first appearance of pottery. |
| | B) | the creation of laws and legal codes. |
| | C) | complex social organization based on occupational specialization. |
| | D) | establishment of priesthoods. |
| | E) | the end to the period of extensive reliance on slavery. |
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| 6 | |
The geography of Mesopotamia influenced Sumerian civilization in all the following ways EXCEPT |
| | A) | the rich alluvial plain supported an abundant agriculture. |
| | B) | the lack of timber and stone forced it to develop trading to obtain these necessary materials. |
| | C) | the region's isolation led Sumerians to see themselves as unique. |
| | D) | vulnerability to floods and invasions created a strain of pessimism in Sumerian thought. |
| | E) | it contributed to the idea of a patron god that either looked out for or punished by unleashing the forces of nature. |
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| 7 | |
After around 2000 b.c., the Babylonian Kingdom established its control over lower Mesopotamia, subduing or destroying the Sumerian city states. The greatest of the Babylonian kings was: |
| | A) | Sargon the Great. |
| | B) | Gilgamesh. |
| | C) | Ur-Nammu. |
| | D) | Amorites. |
| | E) | Hammurabi. |
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| 8 | |
The early Mesopotamians developed all of the following EXCEPT: |
| | A) | writing. |
| | B) | mathematics. |
| | C) | astronomy. |
| | D) | monotheism. |
| | E) | cuneiform. |
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| 9 | |
The geography of Egypt influenced Egyptian civilization in all the following ways EXCEPT |
| | A) | the dependability of the Nile's annual floods and the equability of the climate contributed to Egyptians' optimistic attitudes toward life and death. |
| | B) | the looming presence of mountains inspired the Egyptians to build great pyramids. |
| | C) | the narrowness of the Nile valley and the presence of the river running through it contributed to early and strong political centralization. |
| | D) | Egypt's isolation from other peoples allowed a long, generally unbroken development. |
| | E) | it created the necessary conditions that allowed Egyptian kings to easily control their subjects. |
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| 10 | |
All of the following characterized Egypt during the Old Kingdom EXCEPT |
| | A) | domination of both the government and the economy by a god-king. |
| | B) | notable political and social stability. |
| | C) | the concept of "right order" reflecting the will of Aton, the supreme sun god. |
| | D) | a rich literature including religious myths, instructions on how to get ahead, fables, and love poems. |
| | E) | the establishment of three immense pyramids, tombs for kings, at Giza (now within the city of Cairo). |
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| 11 | |
The Egyptian New Kingdom, or Empire, strengthened its control over the nobles in order to create a powerful military state that extended its power beyond the Nile Valley into Palestine and Syria. The New Kingdom arose in response to the rule of which people? |
| | A) | the Hyksos |
| | B) | the Hittites |
| | C) | the Hebrews |
| | D) | the Hellenes |
| | E) | the Amorites |
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| 12 | |
The Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II concluded the first known non-aggression pact with |
| | A) | the Hittites. |
| | B) | the Babylonians. |
| | C) | the Assyrians. |
| | D) | the Mitanni. |
| | E) | the Sumerians. |
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| 13 | |
All of the following characterized Egyptian society EXCEPT |
| | A) | education offered the chance to rise through service in the government hierarchy. |
| | B) | women had the right to own property, initiate legal action, and enter the priesthood. |
| | C) | children were valued as security for the future. |
| | D) | the economic difference between free citizens and slaves was vast. |
| | E) | communication by ship was much faster than overland transportation. |
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| 14 | |
The Phoenicians accomplished all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | establishing a centralized, sea-based colonial empire. |
| | B) | reportedly sailing around Africa for the first time. |
| | C) | creating the first phonetic alphabet. |
| | D) | creating a sophisticate urban civilization. |
| | E) | established a lucrative trade in the reddish dye called "purple." |
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| 15 | |
The chief legacy (or legacies) of the Hebrews to Western Civilization was/were |
| | A) | traditions of strong tribal monarchy and national unity. |
| | B) | belief in a single God and ethical laws. |
| | C) | prophetic traditions of social criticism and moral reform. |
| | D) | the ideas of women's equality and the rights of children. |
| | E) | an embrace of polytheism. |
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| 16 | |
The Assyrians accomplished all of the following EXCEPT |
| | A) | unifying the Near East and Egypt for the first time. |
| | B) | introducing Aramaic as a common language throughout their empire. |
| | C) | creating magnificent works of art. |
| | D) | eliminating rebelliousness among subject peoples. |
| | E) | creating a society that embraced militarism. |
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| 17 | |
The Chaldeans and the Medes |
| | A) | shared the glory of conquering the Persians. |
| | B) | left voluminous records of their daily life. |
| | C) | divided the Mesopotamian territories of the Assyrians. |
| | D) | cooperated in mammoth astronomical projects. |
| | E) | rejected mathematics and astronomy as an affront to the gods. |
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| 18 | |
"Indo-European" refers to |
| | A) | a location in the Indian sub-continent. |
| | B) | a language group. |
| | C) | a civilization. |
| | D) | a racial group. |
| | E) | a powerful but mysterious empire in the Near East. |
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| 19 | |
The primary accomplishment of the Persian Empire was to |
| | A) | promote an expansion of trade amounting to a "commercial revolution." |
| | B) | unify the Nile, Mesopotamian, and Indus valleys into a single state. |
| | C) | create the most highly centralized state since the Old Kingdom of Egypt. |
| | D) | subdue the Greek city-states around the Aegean Sea. |
| | E) | destroy, once and for all, Egyptian civilization. |
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| 20 | |
The most skillful administrator of the Persian Empire was |
| | A) | Cyrus. |
| | B) | Darius. |
| | C) | Cambyses. |
| | D) | Nebuchadnezzer. |
| | E) | Alexander. |
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