| Chapter Outline (See related pages)
I. Expansion at Home- Population Increase
- Economic Growth
- Social Change
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| | | II. Expansion Overseas- The Portuguese
- The Spaniards
- The First Colonial Empire
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| | | III. The Centralization of Political Power- Tudor England
- Valois France
- Louis XI and Charles VIII
- The Growth of Government Power
- United Spain
- Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
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| | | IV. The Splintered States- The Holy Roman Empire
- Local Independence
- Attempts at Centralization
- Power and Decline in Hungary
- The Fragmentation of Poland
- Aristocracies
- The Ottoman Empire
- Republics in Italy
- The Italian Wars
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| | | V. The New Statecraft- International Relations
- Machiavelli
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