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Post-Test
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1
A group of individuals of the same species that can interbreed is most accurately referred to as a(n)
A)lineage.
B)community.
C)population.
D)ecosystem.
E)biosphere.
2
Which one of the following conditions would prevent a population from achieving Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
A)No migration occurs between different populations
B)No natural selection occurs
C)Random sampling error does not affect allele frequencies
D)Members of the population mate with each other without regard to phenotypes and genotypes
E)Members of the population are evolving through mutation.
3
A polymorphic gene must have one or more additional alleles that make up more than _______________ of the population.
A)1%
B)5%
C)10%
D)50%
E)99%
4
Which of the following would not cause a gene to become polymorphic?
A)A deletion of a significant portion of a gene
B)A large insertion into a gene
C)A duplication of a region of a gene
D)A change in a single nucleotide
E)All of the choices are causes for polymorphism.
5
If the allele frequency of a dominant allele is 0.8, then the genotype frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the recessive trait is
A)4%.
B)48%.
C)40%.
D)64%.
E)32%.
6
True or False: For a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, evolution is not occurring because the allele and genotype frequencies are not constantly changing.
A)True
B)False
7
Which of the following is not a factor effecting microevolution?
A)Genetic drift
B)New mutations within genes causing new alleles
C)Horizontal gene transfer
D)Acquired traits passed to offspring
E)Natural selection
8
Which of the following statements about natural selection is correct?
A)Individuals with beneficial alleles are more likely to contribute their alleles to the gene pool of the next generation.
B)Over the course of many generations, allele frequencies of many different genes may change through natural selection, changing the characteristics of the population.
C)Within a population, allelic variation arises from random mutations that cause differences in DNA sequences.
D)Some alleles enhance an individual's survival or reproductive success compared with other members of the population.
E)All of the statements about natural selection are correct.
9
Which of the following patterns of natural selection favors the survival of two or more genotypes that produce different phenotypes?
A)Directional selection
B)Adaptive selection
C)Stabilizing selection
D)Balancing selection
E)Disruptive selection
10
True or False: A population's average reproductive success is most accurately referred to as the mean fitness of the population.
A)True
B)False
11
Stabilizing selection favors ________, while directional selection favors ______________.
A)individuals at one extreme of a distribution; maintenance of genetic diversity
B)two or more genotypes which favor different phenotypes; individuals at one extreme of a distribution
C)individuals with intermediate phenotypes; individuals at one extreme of a distribution
D)maintenance of genetic diversity; individuals with intermediate phenotypes
E)individuals with intermediate phenotypes; maintenance of genetic diversity
12
When natural selection does not eliminate less fit alleles, this can result in:
A)diversification.
B)balanced polymorphism.
C)a stable polymorphism.
D)balanced polymorphism and a stable polymorphism
E)diversification, balanced polymorphism, and a stable polymorphism
13
The resistance to malaria in populations of individuals heterozygous for the sickle cell mutation is an example of which one of the following patterns of natural selection?
A)Balancing selection
B)Directional selection
C)Disruptive selection
D)Stabilizing selection
E)Adaptive selection
14
Males competing with other males for the opportunity to mate with females is an example of _________; females selecting males based on physical prowess is an example of ___________.
A)patriarchal selection; matriarchal selection
B)competitive selection; physical selection
C)homosexual selection; heterosexual selection
D)nonsexual selection; sexual selection
E)intrasexual selection; intersexual selection
15
True or False: Cryptic female choice occurs in females that generally have more than one mate in order to prevent inbreeding.
A)True
B)False
16
Which one of the following statements about random genetic drift is incorrect?
A)Random genetic drift is more prevalent in populations with large sample sizes.
B)The deviation between observed and predicted allele frequencies arises due to events unrelated to fitness.
C)The end result is typically a more rapid loss or fixation of a specific allele.
D)Environmental factors like earthquakes and floods can introduce periods where population sizes decrease and random genetic drift becomes a significant factor.
E)All of the statements about random genetic drift are correct.
17
The development of a new colony existing separately from its original population may affect genetic drift through
A)the bottleneck effect.
B)neutral variation.
C)sexual selection.
D)the founders effect.
E)natural selection.
18
True or False: Gene flow directly effects the genetic diversity of a population.
A)True
B)False
19
True or False: Inbreeding is most often caused by the decreasing size of a population.
A)True
B)False
20
True or False: Inbreeding depression describes the decrease in reproductive success of populations with an increase in homozygous traits that are less fit.
A)True
B)False





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