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1 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) The evaporation of water from the surface of a plant is a process most accurately referred to as |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | photosynthesis. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | transpiration. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | respiration. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | plasmolysis. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | guttation. |
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2 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following forms of transport in plants requires the use of membrane proteins? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Passive transport |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Passive diffusion |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Facilitated diffusion |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Passive transport and facilitated diffusion |
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3 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following forces does not influence bulk flow? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Gravity |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Adhesion of water to walls of conducting cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Cohesion of water molecules |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Evaporation of water at plant surfaces |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | All of the forces influence bulk flow. |
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4 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following forms of tissue-level transport utilizes Plasmodesmata? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Transmembrane transport |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Apoplastic transport |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Symplastic transport |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Facilitated diffusion |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | All of the choices are forms of tissue-level transport requires the use of Plasmodesmata. |
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5 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following would be most negatively affected by air bubbles present in xylem tissue? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Vessel elements |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Tracheid elements |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Root pressure |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Pits |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Guard cells |
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6 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following factors influences cellular water potential? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Turgor pressure within cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Solute concentration inside and outside cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Pigment types within mesophyll layers |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Turgor pressure within cells and solute concentration inside and outside cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Turgor pressure within cells, solute concentration inside and outside cells, and pigment types within mesophyll layers |
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7 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) True or False: A plant cell with a solute concentration equal on the inside and outside would have a pressure potential of 0 MPa. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | True |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | False |
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8 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which one of the following statements about plant adaptations to osmotic stress is correct? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Plants under arid conditions typically decrease the number of aquaporins to prevent water loss. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Proteins referred to as dehydrins protectively bind to plasma membranes in some plants as the RWC increases. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Cold resistant plants prevent water from escaping by adjusting solute concentration in the cytosol. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Desiccation-tolerant plants typically stabilize their membranes by binding sugars to membrane proteins, forming a glasslike structure. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | All of the statements about plant adaptations to osmotic stress are correct. |
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9 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Soil, water, and dissolved minerals delivered along the apoplastic route require specific transporters to enter which one of the following tissue types? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Epidermis |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Cortex |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Endodermis |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Xylem |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Phloem |
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10 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) True or False: Xylem sap is the major source of minerals for leaves, while phloem sap is the major source of minerals for seeds and fruits. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | True |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | False |
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11 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following xylem cell types is alive when mature? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Parenchyma |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Vessel elements |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Tracheids |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Vessel elements and tracheids |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Parenchyma, vessel elements, and tracheids |
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12 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) The polymer that confers strength, durability, and waterproofing to tracheids is most accurately referred to as |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Casperian strips. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | auxin. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | cellulose. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | lignin. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | starch. |
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13 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following statements about water and mineral transport in xylem is incorrect? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Nonflowering plants have an abundance of vessels, while flowering plants rely more on vessel elements. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Tracheids and vessels have secondary lignin walls. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | An embolism can be reversed by a process referred to as guttation. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Vessels are more susceptible to embolism than tracheids are. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | None of the statements about water and mineral transport in xylem are correct. |
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14 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) True or False: The energy required to power bulk flow in the xylem is ultimately provided by pressure and gravity. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | True |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | False |
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15 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following represents a plant adaptation to restore proper water flow after an embolism? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Altering the structure of stomatal guard cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Reduction in the thickness of leaf mesophyll layers |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Leaf abscission |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Root pressure |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Guttation |
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16 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which one of the following plant hormones stimulates formation of an abscission zone? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Cytokinin |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Auxin |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Gibberellin |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Abscisic acid |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Ethylene |
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17 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following is not part of the phloem tissue of flowering plants? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Sieve-tube elements |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Parenchyma cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Supporting fibers |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Adjacent companion cells |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | All of the choices are part of the phloem tissue of flowering plants. |
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18 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Which of the following statements most accurately describe how mature sieve-tube elements acquire proteins for functioning? |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Sieve-tube elements are not living cells and therefore do not need protein. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Sieve-tube element proteins are supplied by intracellular symbionts. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Sieve-tube elements transcribe and translate their own proteins. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | Sieve-tube elements are dependent on neighboring companion cells for mRNA and protein. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | None of the choices accurately describe how mature sieve-tube elements acquire proteins for functioning. |
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19 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) Most plants transport sugar over long distances in the form of |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | glucose. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | sucrose. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | lactose. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | fructose. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | cellobiose. |
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20 | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) The transport of organic molecules, driven by differences in turgor pressure between a sugar source and a sugar sink, is most accurately referred to as |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | A)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | translocation. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | B)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | transpiration. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | C)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | translation. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | D)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | phloem loading. |
| ![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | E)![](/olcweb/styles/shared/spacer.gif) | sieving. |
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