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| 1 | |
Which of these is a function of blood? |
| | A) | clot formation |
| | B) | protection against foreign substances |
| | C) | maintenance of body temperature |
| | D) | regulation of pH and osmosis |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 2 | |
Which of these is not a component of plasma? |
| | A) | nitrogen |
| | B) | sodium ions |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | water |
| | E) | urea |
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| 3 | |
Which of these plasma proteins plays an important role in maintaining the osmotic concentration of the blood? |
| | A) | albumin |
| | B) | fibrinogen |
| | C) | platelets |
| | D) | hemoglobin |
| | E) | globulins |
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| 4 | |
The cells that give rise to the red blood cells are |
| | A) | lymphoblasts. |
| | B) | megakaryoblasts. |
| | C) | monoblasts. |
| | D) | myeloblasts. |
| | E) | proerythroblasts. |
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| 5 | |
Red blood cells |
| | A) | are the least numerous formed element in the blood. |
| | B) | are phagocytic cells. |
| | C) | are produced in the yellow marrow. |
| | D) | do not have a nucleus. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 6 | |
Given these ways of transporting carbon dioxide in the blood:
1. bicarbonate ions
2. combined with blood proteins
3. dissolved in plasma
Choose the arrangement that lists them in the correct order from largest to smallest percentage of carbon dioxide transported. |
| | A) | 1, 2, 3 |
| | B) | 1, 3, 2 |
| | C) | 2, 3, 1 |
| | D) | 2, 1, 3 |
| | E) | 3, 1, 2 |
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| 7 | |
Which of these components of a red blood cell is correctly matched with its function? |
| | A) | heme group of hemoglobin—oxygen transport |
| | B) | globin portion of hemoglobin—carbon dioxide transport |
| | C) | carbonic anhydrase—carbon dioxide transport |
| | D) | cysteine on β-globin—nitric oxide transport |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 8 | |
Each hemoglobin molecule can become associated with ______________ oxygen molecules. |
| | A) | one |
| | B) | two |
| | C) | three |
| | D) | four |
| | E) | unlimited |
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| 9 | |
Which of these substances is not required for normal red blood cell production? |
| | A) | folate |
| | B) | vitamin K |
| | C) | iron |
| | D) | vitamin B12 |
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| 10 | |
Erythropoietin |
| | A) | is produced mainly by the heart. |
| | B) | inhibits the production of red blood cells. |
| | C) | production increases when blood oxygen decreases. |
| | D) | production is inhibited by testosterone. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 11 | |
Which of these changes occurs in the blood in response to the initiation of a vigorous exercise program? |
| | A) | increased erythropoietin production |
| | B) | increased concentration of reticulocytes |
| | C) | decreased bilirubin formation |
| | D) | both a and b |
| | E) | all of the above |
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| 12 | |
Which of the components of hemoglobin is correctly matched with its fate following the destruction of a red blood cell? |
| | A) | heme: reused to form a new hemoglobin molecule |
| | B) | globin: broken down into amino acids |
| | C) | iron: mostly secreted in bile |
| | D) | all of the above |
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| 13 | |
If you live near sea level and are training for a track meet in Denver (5280 ft elevation), you would want to spend a few weeks before the meet training at |
| | A) | sea level. |
| | B) | an altitude similar to Denver’s. |
| | C) | a facility with a hyperbaric chamber. |
| | D) | any location—it doesn't matter. |
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| 14 | |
The blood cells that function to inhibit inflammation are |
| | A) | eosinophils. |
| | B) | basophils. |
| | C) | neutrophils. |
| | D) | monocytes. |
| | E) | lymphocytes. |
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| 15 | |
The most numerous type of white blood cell, whose primary function is phagocytosis, is |
| | A) | eosinophils. |
| | B) | basophils. |
| | C) | neutrophils. |
| | D) | monocytes. |
| | E) | lymphocytes. |
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| 16 | |
Monocytes |
| | A) | are the smallest white blood cells. |
| | B) | increase in number during chronic infections. |
| | C) | give rise to neutrophils. |
| | D) | produce antibodies. |
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| 17 | |
The white blood cells that release large amounts of histamine and heparin are |
| | A) | eosinophils. |
| | B) | basophils. |
| | C) | neutrophils. |
| | D) | monocytes. |
| | E) | lymphocytes. |
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| 18 | |
The smallest white blood cells, which include B cells and T cells, are |
| | A) | eosinophils. |
| | B) | basophils. |
| | C) | neutrophils. |
| | D) | monocytes. |
| | E) | lymphocytes. |
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| 19 | |
Platelets |
| | A) | are derived from megakaryocytes. |
| | B) | are cell fragments. |
| | C) | have surface molecules that attach to collagen. |
| | D) | play an important role in clot formation. |
| | E) | all of the above. |
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| 20 | |
Given these processes in platelet plug formation:
1. platelet adhesion
2. platelet aggregation
3. platelet release reaction
Choose the arrangement that lists the processes in the correct order after a blood vessel is damaged. |
| | A) | 1, 2, 3 |
| | B) | 1, 3, 2 |
| | C) | 3, 1, 2 |
| | D) | 3, 2, 1 |
| | E) | 2, 3, 1 |
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| 21 | |
A constituent of blood plasma that forms the network of fibers in a clot is |
| | A) | fibrinogen. |
| | B) | tissue factor. |
| | C) | platelets. |
| | D) | thrombin. |
| | E) | prothrombinase. |
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| 22 | |
Given these chemicals:
1. activated factor XII
2. fibrinogen
3. prothrombinase
4. thrombin
Choose the arrangement that lists the chemicals in the order they are used during clot formation. |
| | A) | 1, 3, 4, 2 |
| | B) | 2, 3, 4, 1 |
| | C) | 3, 2, 1, 4 |
| | D) | 3, 1, 2, 4 |
| | E) | 3, 4, 2, 1 |
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| 23 | |
The extrinsic clotting pathway |
| | A) | begins with the release of thromboplastin (tissue factor). |
| | B) | leads to the production of prothrombinase. |
| | C) | requires Ca2+. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 24 | |
Which of these is not an anticoagulant found in the blood? |
| | A) | ethylenediamenetetraacetic acid (EDTA) |
| | B) | antithrombin |
| | C) | heparin |
| | D) | prostacyclin |
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| 25 | |
The chemical that is involved in the breakdown of a clot (fibrinolysis) is |
| | A) | antithrombin. |
| | B) | fibrinogen. |
| | C) | heparin. |
| | D) | plasmin. |
| | E) | sodium citrate. |
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| 26 | |
A person with type A blood |
| | A) | has anti-A antibodies. |
| | B) | has type B antigens. |
| | C) | will have a transfusion reaction if given type B blood. |
| | D) | all of the above. |
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| 27 | |
In the United States, the most common blood type is |
| | A) | A positive. |
| | B) | B positive. |
| | C) | O positive. |
| | D) | O negative. |
| | E) | AB negative. |
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| 28 | |
Rh-negative mothers who receive a RhoGAM injection are given that injection to |
| | A) | initiate the synthesis of anti-Rh antibodies in the mother. |
| | B) | initiate anti-Rh antibody production in the baby. |
| | C) | prevent the mother from producing anti-Rh antibodies. |
| | D) | prevent the baby from producing anti-Rh antibodies. |
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| 29 | |
The blood test that distinguishes between leukocytosis and leukopenia is |
| | A) | type and crossmatch. |
| | B) | hematocrit. |
| | C) | platelet count. |
| | D) | complete blood count. |
| | E) | prothrombin time measurement. |
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| 30 | |
An elevated lymphocyte count is usually indicative of |
| | A) | an allergic reaction. |
| | B) | a bacterial infection. |
| | C) | a viral infection. |
| | D) | a parasitic infection. |
| | E) | increased antibody production. |
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