Choose the best answer.

1			Which cells produce pulmonary surfactant?
			A)	Alveolar macrophages
			B)	Type I alveolar cells
			C)	Type II alveolar cells
			D)	Goblet cells
			E)	S cells
2			What is the condition where the lung totally or partially collapses?
			A)	Emphysema
			B)	Pneumothorax
			C)	Lung cancer
			D)	Pneumonia
			E)	Atelectasis
3			What procedure might be necessary if the upper respiratory tract becomes blocked?
			A)	Atelectasis
			B)	Bronchodilation
			C)	Bronchiostomy
			D)	Tracheotomy
			E)	Pneumothorax
4			What would cause bronchodilation?
			A)	Sympathetic nerves
			B)	Vagus nerve
			C)	Asthma
			D)	Inspiratory center of the medulla
			E)	Stretch receptors
5			Why are there rings of hyaline cartilage in the trachea?
			A)	To provide support for passage of food through the esophagus.
			B)	To provide support for the mucociliary escalator.
			C)	To keep the passageway open for the continuous flow of air.
			D)	To prevent choking.
6			Which is NOT a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
			A)	Emphysema
			B)	Tuberculosis
			C)	Asthma
			D)	Chronic bronchitis
7			The cessation of breathing for 10 seconds or longer during sleep is called sleep _____________.
			A)	apnea
			B)	pneumonia
			C)	rhinitis
			D)	atelectasis
8			A very common URI is also called _____________________.
			A)	apnea
			B)	pneumonia
			C)	acute rhinitis
			D)	atelectasis
9			Respiratory distress syndrome (RSD) in premature infants is most often due to __________________.
			A)	lack of surfactant
			B)	enlarged lungs
			C)	small hearts
			D)	small or lacking diaphragms
10			Damage to the brain stem and the automatic respiratory centers can produce an inability to remember to breathe called ______________.
			A)	Ondine's curse
			B)	adult RSD
			C)	COPD
			D)	Black lung
11			The inspiratory and expiratory centers are located within the ________________ of the brain.
			A)	pons
			B)	cerebellum
			C)	cerebral hemispheres
			D)	medulla oblongata
12			The major trigger to cause one to breathe is _____________________.
			A)	oxygen levels
			B)	higher brain centers reading bicarbonate levels
			C)	sodium levels from the kidney
			D)	carbon dioxide levels
13			Which muscle is NOT used in active or labored expiration?
			A)	Internal intercostals
			B)	Rectus abdominis
			C)	Scalenes
			D)	Abdominal obliques
14			The membrane that covers the surface of the lungs is called the _______________.
			A)	visceral pleura
			B)	peritoneum membrane
			C)	parietal pleura
			D)	synovial membrane
15			On one side of the respiratory membrane are the alveoli and on the other are ________________________.
			A)	lymph vessels
			B)	capillaries
			C)	ribs
			D)	pleural cavities
16			The great (type II) alveolar cells that are found in an alveolus repair the epithelium and secrete _____________________.
			A)	mucus
			B)	sodium
			C)	calcium
			D)	surfactant
17			The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is called the ______________.
			A)	base
			B)	apex
			C)	hilum
			D)	costal surface
18			The structures that enter and leave the lung do so by passing through an area called the __________________________.
			A)	portal
			B)	apex
			C)	hilum
			D)	canal
19			The area of the lung that sets upon the diaphragm is called the ________________.
			A)	base
			B)	apex
			C)	costal surface
			D)	mediastinal surface
20			On the left side is a medial indentation of the lung for the _____________________.
			A)	spleen
			B)	dome of the diaphragm
			C)	heart
			D)	liver
21			Throughout the nasal and bronchial tree this layer of _________________ is used to entrap particulate matter.
			A)	villi
			B)	mucous
			C)	smooth
			D)	cartilage
22			Normally the distance from the thyroid to the arytenoid cartilages is ________________.
			A)	longer in males
			B)	longer in females
			C)	the same length in both males and females
23			Which is NOT a part of the pharynx?
			A)	Vertebropharynx
			B)	Nasopharynx
			C)	Laryngopharynx
			D)	Oropharynx