Choose the best answer.

1			Which one of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the skeletal system?
			A)	decrease in bone density
			B)	decrease in protein in the bone
			C)	increase in ease of bone fracturing
			D)	increase in the flexibility of the bone
2			The repair of a fracture is aided by the formation of a soft and hard _______________?
			A)	osteon
			B)	osteoporosis
			C)	callus
			D)	rickets
3			The abnormal curvature of the thoracic spine that often comes from compression fractures of weakened vertebrae is called _____________________?
			A)	menopausal slouch
			B)	stooping
			C)	calluses
			D)	kyphosis
4			The bone loss in postmenopausal females is called _____________________.
			A)	osteoporosis
			B)	rickets
			C)	hip fracture
			D)	callus
5			This disease in children produces soft and pliable bones due to the lack of vitamin D. What is it called?
			A)	Osteoporosis
			B)	Rickets
			C)	Brittle bones
			D)	Paget’s disease
			E)	Achondroplastic dwarfism
6			This type of fracture results in the broken ends of the bone(s) breaking through the skin. What type of fracture is this called?
			A)	Open or compound
			B)	Greenstick
			C)	Comminuted
			D)	Linear
			E)	Spiral
7			This hormone is used to maintain the appropriate levels of calcium in the blood, often at the expense of bone loss. What is this hormone(s) called?
			A)	Sex steroids
			B)	Calcitonin
			C)	Vitamin D
			D)	Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
8			During bone maturation osteoblasts are trapped in their own matrix and then they become _________________, which stop producing any more matrix.
			A)	osteoclasts
			B)	osteocytes
			C)	matrixocytes
			D)	trabeculocytes
			E)	spiculoclasts
9			The intramembranous ossification of bones produces the ____________________.
			A)	ribs of the sternum
			B)	long bones of the arms
			C)	flat bones of the skull
			D)	long bones of the legs
10			With age the bone marrow is the site of _____________________.
			A)	air formation
			B)	fluid deposition
			C)	white cell production
			D)	fat deposition
			E)	oxygen formation
11			Spongy bone’s trabeculae and spicules develop ____________________ in the ends of long bone.
			A)	in a random fashion
			B)	due to the weakness
			C)	due to the lines of force or mechanical stress
			D)	before they are converted into compact bone
12			Blood vessels enter the bone through _____________________.
			A)	central canals
			B)	perforating canals
			C)	nutrient foramen
			D)	lacuna
13			On an x-ray of a child’s hand the transparent appearing lines at the ends of the phalangeal bones are the _____________________.
			A)	matrix
			B)	osteoblasts
			C)	epiphyseal lines
			D)	marrow marks
14			The sphenoid and vertebra are examples of _________________ bones.
			A)	long
			B)	flat
			C)	short
			D)	irregular