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| 1 | |
The period of rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that takes place primarily in early adolescence is called |
| | A) | menarche. |
| | B) | heredity. |
| | C) | adolescence. |
| | D) | puberty. |
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| 2 | |
The powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream are called |
| | A) | neurons. |
| | B) | hormones. |
| | C) | genotypes. |
| | D) | phenotypes. |
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| 3 | |
The main class of male sex hormones is |
| | A) | estrogens. |
| | B) | androgens. |
| | C) | FSH. |
| | D) | LH. |
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| 4 | |
The main class of female sex hormones is |
| | A) | estrogens. |
| | B) | androgens. |
| | C) | FSH. |
| | D) | LH. |
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| 5 | |
The _____ monitor(s) eating, drinking, and sex. |
| | A) | pituitary gland |
| | B) | gonads |
| | C) | hypothalamus |
| | D) | thyroid gland |
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| 6 | |
The _____ controls growth and regulates other glands. |
| | A) | thyroid gland |
| | B) | pituitary gland |
| | C) | hypothalamus |
| | D) | adrenal gland |
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| 7 | |
Gwen started her menstrual period about two years earlier than Magda, even though both girls are very healthy. A likely explanation for this event is that |
| | A) | Gwen has greater body mass than Magda. |
| | B) | Gwen is an athlete. |
| | C) | Magda has greater body mass than Gwen. |
| | D) | Gwen has better genes than Magda. |
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| 8 | |
Recent research has found a relationship between _____ and early pubertal onset in girls. |
| | A) | high birthweight |
| | B) | growth acceleration in infancy |
| | C) | slow weight gain in infancy |
| | D) | living in a rural area |
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| 9 | |
The only time in development in which growth is faster than during puberty is |
| | A) | toddlerhood. |
| | B) | middle childhood. |
| | C) | infancy. |
| | D) | young adulthood. |
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| 10 | |
Your son and daughter are fraternal twins, both in the sixth grade. Your son gets angry because people tease him about his sister being taller than he is. You can tell your son that |
| | A) | although his sister is taller, his sexual maturation is more advanced. |
| | B) | his sister is probably taller because she doesn't eat junk food. |
| | C) | since his sister was taller than he was during childhood, she'll always be taller. |
| | D) | he needn't worry, because he'll probably catch up with or surpass his sister's height by the time he turns 14. |
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| 11 | |
Umberto is just entering puberty. Which sex characteristic would most likely occur first? |
| | A) | the appearance of kinky pubic hair |
| | B) | increased penis and testicle size |
| | C) | the appearance of straight pubic hair |
| | D) | his first ejaculation |
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| 12 | |
Lana is just entering puberty. The first of many changes that she is likely to notice is |
| | A) | growth of hair in the armpits. |
| | B) | increase in hip width. |
| | C) | increase in breast size. |
| | D) | significant increase in height. |
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| 13 | |
Judy is six years old and has already started to show signs that she is entering puberty. Her doctor treats Judy with medications to suppress gonadotropic secretions. Judy is diagnosed with |
| | A) | hyposexuality. |
| | B) | precocious puberty. |
| | C) | a secular trend. |
| | D) | early onset sexuality. |
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| 14 | |
The term _____ refers to patterns of pubertal onset over historical time, especially across generations. |
| | A) | body image |
| | B) | sexual maturation |
| | C) | secular trends |
| | D) | gender differences |
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| 15 | |
Which group is more likely than the others to smoke, drink alcohol, be depressed, have an eating disorder, request early independence from their parents, and have older friends? |
| | A) | early maturing boys |
| | B) | late maturing boys |
| | C) | early maturing girls |
| | D) | late maturing girls |
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| 16 | |
Which of the following areas of the brain is related to emotion? |
| | A) | prefrontal cortex. |
| | B) | hippocampus. |
| | C) | thalamus. |
| | D) | amygdala. |
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| 17 | |
Which of the following is NOT an activity or resource that is likely to promote adolescents' health enhancing behaviors? |
| | A) | participation in school-related organized activities |
| | B) | availability of community resources |
| | C) | secure attachment to parents |
| | D) | independence from parents |
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| 18 | |
A recent neurobiological explanation for adolescent risk taking involves |
| | A) | later development of the prefrontal cortex combined with early maturation of the amygdala. |
| | B) | early development of the prefrontal cortex combined with later maturation of the amygdala. |
| | C) | later development of both the amygdala and the hypothalamus. |
| | D) | a combination of preterm delivery and low birthweight. |
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| 19 | |
Based on the research of Laurence Steinberg and his colleagues, which of the following would be one effective strategy for reducing adolescent health problems that are related to risk taking? |
| | A) | increasing the social capital of a community |
| | B) | teaching adolescents about the dangers of high risk behaviors |
| | C) | raising the price of cigarettes |
| | D) | inflicting harsh punishments for engaging in high risk behaviors |
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| 20 | |
All of the following are barriers to adequate health care for adolescents EXCEPT |
| | A) | cost. |
| | B) | poor organization and availability of health services. |
| | C) | reluctance of health care providers to discuss sensitive health issues with adolescents. |
| | D) | adolescents' fears about medical procedures. |
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| 21 | |
The three leading causes of death in adolescents are |
| | A) | accidents, cancer, suicide. |
| | B) | accidents, suicide, drug overdose. |
| | C) | accidents, AIDS, homicide. |
| | D) | accidents, homicide, suicide. |
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| 22 | |
Which of the following is probably the least important contributor to motor vehicle accidents? |
| | A) | risky driving habits |
| | B) | lack of driving experience |
| | C) | tailgating |
| | D) | driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs |
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| 23 | |
Adolescents in which country get the least amount of exercise? |
| | A) | the United States |
| | B) | Ireland |
| | C) | Germany |
| | D) | the Slovak Republic |
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| 24 | |
Adolescents who participate in organized sports are |
| | A) | more likely to engage in risk taking behaviors. |
| | B) | more likely to take drugs. |
| | C) | more likely to be depression. |
| | D) | less likely to be involved in a negative peer group. |
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| 25 | |
All of the following are ideas proposed by evolutionary developmental psychologists EXCEPT |
| | A) | an extended juvenile period evolved because humans require time to develop a large brain. |
| | B) | many evolved psychological mechanisms are domain-specific. |
| | C) | mechanisms that evolved over long periods of time have done so because they are adaptive in contemporary society. |
| | D) | an extended juvenile period evolved because humans require time to learn the complexity of human social communities. |
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| 26 | |
Humans are made up of cells; the nucleus of each cell contains _____, which are threadlike structures that contain deoxyribonucleic acid. |
| | A) | genes |
| | B) | phenotypes |
| | C) | chromosomes |
| | D) | genotypes |
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| 27 | |
According to the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2004), humans have approximately _____ genes. |
| | A) | 3,000 |
| | B) | 30,000 |
| | C) | 100,000 |
| | D) | over 1 million |
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| 28 | |
Which of the following statements about how genes give humans their characteristics is true? |
| | A) | Each gene determines one characteristic. |
| | B) | DNA collaborates with other sources of information to form human characteristics. |
| | C) | Each gene automatically produces one protein. |
| | D) | Genes alone determine every characteristic humans have. |
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| 29 | |
Salome likes being around people and listening to music so she decides to get a job as a bartender. This is an example of a |
| | A) | passive genotype-environment correlation. |
| | B) | evocative genotype-environment correlation. |
| | C) | active (niche-picking) genotype-environment correlation. |
| | D) | genotype. |
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| 30 | |
When asked to describe your friend Fernando, you state that he is tall, with dark hair and blue eyes. He is also smart, outgoing, and very social. You are describing his |
| | A) | genotype. |
| | B) | phenotype. |
| | C) | genome. |
| | D) | passive-genotype environment correlation. |
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