The Nature of Morality
Universal Human Rights
Ethics (The Problem of Morality)
Applied Ethics
Euthanasia
Capital Punishment
Subjectivism
Cultural Relativism
Emotivism
Divine Command Theory
Egoism
Ayn Rand on the Virtue of Selfishness
Act-Utilitarianism
Rule Utilitarianism
Categorical Imperative
Pluralistic Formalism
Contractarianism
Libertarianism
Virtue Ethics
Jeremy Bentham
John Stuart Mill
Immanuel Kant
John Rawls
Alasdair MacIntyre
Aristotle
The Buddha
Universal Human Rights The Challenge of Human Rights and Cultural Diversity
(http://www.un.org/rights/dpi1627e.htm)
“United Nations Background Note” on the tension between Universal Human Rights and Cultural Relativism Cultural Relativism of Human Rights
(http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_10-8-2003_pg3_3)
A Pakistani newspaper op-ed on cultural relativism vs. universal human rights Are Human Rights Universal? The Relativist Challenge and Related Matters
(http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v019/19.3perry.html)
Extensive article on human rights by Michael J. Perry
Ethics (The Problem of Morality) The Definition of Morality
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/morality-definition/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Ethics
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/e/ethics.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Ethics
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics)
Wikipedia article
Ethics
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05556a.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article
Ethics
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/e9.htm#eth)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling
Applied Ethics Applied Ethics Resources on WWW
(http://www.ethicsweb.ca/resources/)
Large assortment of applied ethics links from the Centre for Applied Ethics (University of British Columbia)
Markkula Center for Applied Ethics
(http://www.scu.edu/ethics/)
Site containing articles, cases, briefings, etc. and applied ethics links from Santa Clara University
Applied Ethics links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Topics.aspx?TopiCode=AppE)
EpistemeLink link collection
Euthanasia Voluntary Euthanasia
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/euthanasia-voluntary/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide
(http://www.religioustolerance.org/euthanas.htm)
Detailed overview of the issue and current legal situation from ReligiousTolerance.org
International Task Force on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide
(http://www.internationaltaskforce.org/index.htm)
FAQs, information about advanced directives, the situation in the Netherlands, etc. from a perspective that opposes legalization
Euthanasia.com
(http://www.euthanasia.com/)
Collection of articles from organization against euthanasia
Compassion & Choices
(http://www.compassionandchoices.org/)
Home page of an organization "promoting end-of-life choice"
Capital Punishment Capital punishment
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment)
Wikipedia article
Capital Punishment (the Death Penalty)
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12565a.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article discussing history of capital punishment across the world
Capital Punishment--The Death Penalty: Pro and Anti
(http://www.religioustolerance.org/executb.htm)
Detailed overview of the issue, current legal situation, and arguments on both sides from ReligiousTolerance.org
Punishment and the Death Penalty
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/Applied/DeathPenalty/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego)
Website Against the Death Penalty
(http://web.amnesty.org/pages/deathpenalty-index-eng)
Arguments against the death penalty from Amnesty International
The Death Penalty and the Catholic Church
(http://www.americancatholic.org/news/deathpenalty/ )
Site with information on the death penalty and the Catholic Church's opposition to it
Executing the Innocent
(http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Huma/HumaLine.htm)
Article opposing capital punishment by Elizabeth A. Linehan (St. Joseph's University) for Paideia
The Case Against the Death Penalty
(http://www.aclu.org/DeathPenalty/DeathPenalty.cfm?ID=9082&c=17)
Lengthy discussion by Hugo Adam Bedau (Tufts University)
Capital Punishment and Human Rights
(http://radicalacademy.com/capitalpunish.htm)
Essay on the incompatibility of accepting both natural rights theory and capital punishment by Dr. Jonathan Dolhenty (The Radical Academy)
The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense
(http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/angel/procon/haagarticle.html)
Article in favor of capital punishment by Ernest van den Haag (Fordham University)
Wesley Lowe's Pro Capital Punishment Webpage
(http://www.wesleylowe.com/cp.html)
Detailed set of arguments for the death penalty
Pro-Death Penalty.com
(http://www.prodeathpenalty.com/)
Collection of resources from a group in favor of capital punishment
The Death Penalty: A Defense
(http://www.yesdeathpenalty.com/deathpenalty.htm)
Online book supporting capital punishment by David Anderson
Subjectivism Moral relativism
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_relativism)
Wikipedia article
Is Morality a Matter of Taste?
(http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?section=library&page=schick_18_4)
Article by Theodore Schick (Muhlenberg College)
Rachels Chapter 3: Subjectivism in Ethics
(http://www.wutsamada.com/alma/ethics/rachels3.htm)
Lecture notes on simple subjectivism and emotivism by Larry Hauser (Alma College)
Rachels Chapter 3: Ethical Subjectivism
(http://www.public.iastate.edu/~cfehr/230%20Rachels%20ch3.htm)
Lecture notes on simple subjectivism and emotivism by Carla Fehr (Iowa State University)
Emotivism Non-cognitivism
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-cognitivism)
Wikipedia article
Cultural Relativism Relativism
(http://www.friesian.com/relative.htm)
Detailed discussion by Kelley Ross (Friesian School Proceedings)
Ethical Relativism
(http://www.scu.edu/SCU/Centers/Ethics/publications/iie/v5n2/relativism.html)
Article by Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez from Issues in Ethics, 1992; summarizes and criticizes ethical relativism
The Myth of Moral Relativism
(http://radicalacademy.com/ethicsmyth.htm)
Essay criticizing ethical relativism by Dr. Jonathan Dolhenty (The Radical Academy)
Relativism
(http://www.carm.org/relativism.htm)
Criticism of various sorts of relativism, including ethical relativism from a Christian perspective (CARN)
Famous cultural relativists
(http://www.quantonics.com/Famous_CRites.html)
List of ethical relativists from Quantonics
Ethical Relativism, Universalism, Absolutism
(http://www.tamucc.edu/~sencerz/relat.htm)
Overview of various positions and several arguments for them by Stefan Sencerz and Andy Piker (Texas A&M)
Divine Command Theory Morality Requires God... or Does It?
(http://www.secularhumanism.org/index.php?section=library&page=schick_17_3)
Article by Theodore Schick, Jr. for Free Inquiry magazine
What the hell is Hell?
(http://what-the-hell-is-hell.com/)
A site full of information on hell Hell
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/heaven-hell/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Hell Arguments for Universalism
(http://www.vexen.co.uk/religion/universalism.html)
This page presents arguments for “Christian Universalism,” which is the belief that all beings go to heaven. Universalism in Christianity
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universalism#Universalism_in_Christianity)
Christian Universalism on Wikipedia
Egoism Egoism
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/e/egoism.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Egoism
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05328a.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article
Varieties of Egoism and Hedonism
(http://faculty.washington.edu/wtalbott/phil240/trego.htm)
Overview and discussion of related arguments by William J. Talbott (University of Washington)
A Survey of Selected Internet Resources on Ethical Egoism
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Egoism/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego)
Egoism
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/e.htm#ego)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling
Ayn Rand on the Virtue of Selfishness Virtue of Selfishness
(http://www.objectivistcenter.org/cth--406-FAQ_Virtue_Selfishness.aspx)
Article on Ayn Rand's concept of selfishness Ayn Rand
(http://www.iep.utm.edu/r/rand.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Rand
Act-Utilitarianism Utilitarianism
(http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism)
Wikipedia article
Utilitarianism
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15241c.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article
Philosophy 361 Course Materials: Lectures on Mill's Utilitarianism
(http://www-personal.umich.edu/~sdarwall/Phil361b.html)
Lecture notes for an ethics course, including 5 on Mill's ethics, by Szephen Darwall (University of Michigan)
Utilitarian.org
(http://utilitarian.org/one.html)
Collection of links on utilitarianism with focus on altruistic implications
Utilitarianism
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Utilitarianism/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego)
Greatest Happiness Principle
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/g9.htm#grhp)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling
Rule Utilitarianism Rule-Utilitarianism
(http://www.utilitarianism.com/ruleutil.htm)
Definition from The Penguin Dictionary of Philosophy Rule utilitarianism
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/r9.htm#rulu)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling
Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant: Metaphysics
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/k/kantmeta.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article covering both Kant's theoretical philosophy and his moral philosophy
Notes on the 2nd Form of the Categorical Imperative
(http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/ap85/051/2ndcatimp.html)
Lecture notes on Kant's notion of respect by Alexander R. Pruss (Georgetown University) Kant and Kantian Ethics
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Kant/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego)
Pluralistic Formalism Ross, W. D.
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/r9.htm#ross)
Brief biography by Garth Kemerling
Ross
(http://www.jcu.edu/philosophy/gensler/ms/ross--00.htm)
Discussion of key elements of Ross' moral theory by Harry J. Gensler (John Carroll University)
Sir David Ross' Pluralistic Theory of Duty (The Beginnings)
(http://www.manitowoc.uwc.edu/staff/awhite/ken95.htm)
In-depth discussion by Ken Cooley (University of Wisconsin)
Contractarianism Contractarianism
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/contractarianism/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Original Position
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/original-position/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on Rawls' notion of the original position
Libertarianism Libertarianism
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/libertarianism/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Critiques of Libertarianism
(http://world.std.com/~mhuben/libindex.html)
Collection of articles against libertarianism
Libertarianism: A Primer
(http://www.libertarianism.org/)
On-line book about libertarianism by David Boaz
What is Libertarianism?
(http://www.quebecoislibre.org/philo2.htm)
Article by Martin Masse
Virtue Ethics Integrity
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/integrity/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Virtue Theory
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/v/virtue.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Ethics and Virtue
(http://www.scu.edu/SCU/Centers/Ethics/practicing/decision/ethicsandvirtue.html)
Overview of virtue ethics from the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics (Santa Clara University)
Literature on Aristotle and Virtue Ethics
(http://ethics.sandiego.edu/theories/Aristotle/index.html)
Collection of web resources from Lawrence Hinman's Ethics Updates (University of San Diego)
Virtue
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/v9.htm#virtue)
Definition and suggested links by Garth Kemerling
Jeremy Bentham Bentham, Jeremy
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/b/bentham.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Benthamism
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02482b.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article
Biographies: Jeremy Bentham
(http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Bentham.htm)
Discussion of Bentham's life and philosophy by lawyer and lecturer Peter Landry
The Bentham Project
(http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project/)
Biography, online texts, etc.; maintained by Irena Nicoll (University College London)
Bentham links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Bent)
EpistemeLink link collection
Bentham, Jeremy
(http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/b2.htm#bent)
Brief biography by Garth Kemerling
John Stuart Mill John Stuart Mill
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/m/milljs.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
John Stuart Mill
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/mill/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
John Stuart Mill: Life and Works
(http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/mill.htm)
Discussion of life and thought by Garth Kemerling
Biographies: John Stuart Mill
(http://www.blupete.com/Literature/Biographies/Philosophy/Mill.htm)
Discussion of Mill's life and philosophy by lawyer and lecturer Peter Landry
Mill links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Mill)
EpistemeLink link collection
Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant
(http://www.faithnet.org.uk/Philosophy/kant.htm)
Discussion from Faithnet
Kant on the Web
(http://www.hkbu.edu.hk/~ppp/Kant.html)
Useful set of links collected by Steve Palmquist (Hong Kong Baptist University)
Kant links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Kant)
EpistemeLink link collection
Immanuel Kant: Life and Works
(http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/kant.htm)
Discussion of life and thought by Garth Kemerling
John Rawls Rawls links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Rawl)
EpistemeLink link collection
Alasdair MacIntyre The Achievement of Alasdair MacIntyre
http://www.firstthings.com/article/2007/10/001-the-achievement-of-alasdair-macintyre-2
Overview of Alasdair MacIntyre's contribution to ethics by Edward Oakes. Aristotle Aristotle's Ethics
(http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-ethics/)
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article
Aristotle
(http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/a/aristotl.htm)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article Aristotle
(http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01713a.htm)
Catholic Encyclopedia article Aristotle links
(http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Aris)
EpistemeLink link collection
Aristotle: Life and Works
(http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/aris.htm)
Discussion of life and thought by Garth Kemerling
The Buddha The Eightfold Path
(http://buddhism.about.com/library/bleightpath.htm)
Article on Buddhism's Eightfold Path A View from the Buddhist Middle Way
http://www.december.com/cmc/mag/1997/apr/clark.html
A history of the middle way by Ian Clark. | 