Florida Science Grade 6

Section 1: Structure of Matter

Structure of Matter

1.
Which of the following is a form of matter?
A)light
B)heat
C)air
D)energy
2.
Democritus believed that the universe was made of empty space and __________ .
A)molecules
B)compounds
C)elements
D)atoms
3.
Which of the following methods would be most useful for describing atoms?
A)visualizing with a microscope
B)constructing a model
C)observing in a test tube
D)touching with bare hands
4.
The law of conservation of matter states that __________ .
A)matter is not created or destroyed
B)the mass of all substances present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances remaining after the change
C)matter can be created and destroyed but cannot change form
D)matter is not created or destroyed and its form is constant
5.
What nineteenth century scientist designed the atomic theory of matter?
A)J.J. Thomson
B)Ernest Rutherford
C)John Dalton
D)Isaac Newton
6.
Why did J.J. Thomson conclude that cathode rays were made up of small particles that had mass?
A)They were bent by a magnet.
B)The metal plates in his experiment had no net charge.
C)He could see individual particles traveling from the negatively charged plate to the positively charged plate.
D)Some of the rays changed direction and bounced back.
7.
The small, negatively charged particles discovered by J.J. Thomson are called __________ .
A)protons
B)neutrons
C)electrons
D)alpha particles
8.
An atom containing six positive charges and six negative charges has __________ charge.
A)a positive
B)a negative
C)no net
D)a strong negative
9.
In his experiments with gold foil, why did Rutherford conclude that the gold atoms contained some positively-charged objects?
A)He observed alpha particles passing through the gold foil.
B)After colliding with the gold foil, some of the alpha particles were heavier.
C)Some of the alpha particles bounced off the gold foil instead of passing through.
D)He knew that a gold atom has a net positive charge.
10.
Which part of an atom does an alpha particle pass through when it goes through an atom of gold?
A)a neutron
B)the empty space within the atom
C)a proton
D)an electron
11.
Rutherford called the positively charged, central part of the atom the __________ .
A)proton
B)nucleus
C)neutron
D)electron
12.
James Chadwick named the uncharged particles in the atomic nucleus __________ .
A)protons
B)electrons
C)neutrons
D)alpha particles
13.
Scientists have broken down protons and neutrons into smaller particles called __________ .
A)nuclei
B)quarks
C)vacuoles
D)isotopes
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