The American Vision: Modern Times © 2008

Chapter 5: Industrialization

Industrialization

1
During the late 1800s, the American population growth impacted industry in all of the following ways EXCEPT __________.
A)by providing a large workforce for industry
B)by providing a large consumer base for industrial goods
C)by providing an immigrant workforce that fueled industrial production
D)by providing the highly skilled workforce that industrial work required
2
Gustavus Swift’s introduction of the __________ changed the American diet.
A)refrigerated railroad car
B)automatic loom
C)battery
D)electric generator
3
Thomas Edison revolutionized American business by introducing all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A)the phonograph
B)the dictaphone
C)the telephone
D)the motion picture
4
How did the integration of railroad systems impact industrialization?
A)It provided railroad investors the income to build more factories.
B)It allowed trains to be longer and heavier, making the transportation of goods less expensive.
C)It limited the number of railroad companies, making the transportation of goods more expensive.
D)It encouraged people to move to cities, increasing factories’ available workforce.
5
How did the federal government help finance the construction of a national railroad system?
A)It subsidized the purchase of building materials.
B)It sold bonds to finance the system’s construction.
C)It provided land grants to railroad companies.
D)It provided interest-free loans to qualifying railroad companies.
6
__________ allowed corporations to produce goods more cheaply and quickly than small manufacturers could.
A)Economies of scale
B)Holding companies
C)Trusts
D)Low fixed costs
7
Andrew Carnegie used vertical integration to __________.
A)combine competing companies within an industry
B)join all the processes of an industry under one company
C)merge several companies that did not compete in the same market
D)control a group of companies as if they were one large merged company
8
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about industrial work during the late 1800s?
A)Although the work was often dangerous, laws required employers to compensate injured workers.
B)Employers raised workers’ wages to keep up with the rate of inflation.
C)The absence of skilled labor in factories caused a high number of injuries.
D)Factories’ unsafe, unhealthy conditions compounded the drudgery of industrial work.
9
What triggered the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
A)a wage cut
B)poor working conditions
C)the firing of union employees
D)protests for an eight-hour workday
10
__________ undermined the growth of national labor organizations during the late 1800s.
A)Unrealistic demands
B)Ineffective leaders
C)Violent protests
D)Workers’ apathy
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