Glencoe World History

Chapter 17: Revolution and Enlightenment, 1550–1800

Revolution and Enlightenment, 1550-1800

1
According to the Ptolemaic system, __________
A)the sun is at the center of the universe.
B)the universe is a series of concentric spheres.
C)the planetary bodies travel in elliptical orbits.
D)the moon revolves around the earth.

2
Using his telescope as a tool to observe the heavens, Galileo discovered that __________
A)the heavenly bodies are pure orbs of light.
B)the sun is at the center of the universe.
C)orbits of planets around the sun are elliptical.
D)there are mountains on the moon.

3
A breakthrough in medicine came when the work of __________ replaced Galen’s teachings on human anatomy.
A)Robert Boyle
B)Andreas Vesalius
C)Antoine Lavoisier
D)Margaret Cavendish

4
English philosopher Francis Bacon __________
A)was the father of rationalism.
B)made a complete separation between mind and matter.
C)called for scientists to use inductive reasoning rather than relying on the ideas of ancient authorities.
D)developed the universal law of gravity.

5
Many eighteenth-century intellectuals believed they could __________
A)change people by changing their environment.
B)discover the natural laws that governed human society.
C)apply the scientific method to the workings of human society.
D)all of the above

6
The ideas of __________ about separation of power in government were later incorporated into the United States Constitution.
A)Montesquieu
B)Voltaire
C)Locke
D)Diderot

7
All of the following helped spread the ideas of the philosophes EXCEPT __________
A)salons.
B)books.
C)magazines.
D)the Church.

8
The salons were NOT noted for being __________
A)places where artists developed a new artistic movement.
B)places where invited guests discussed the new ideas of the philosophes.
C)places where women became influential in politics, literature, and art.
D)all of the above

9
The influence of Enlightenment beliefs is visible in the art style of rococo, which __________
A)stressed grandeur and power.
B)used big, bold design elements.
C)emphasized grace, charm, and gentle action.
D)was expressed mostly in religious themes.

10
Of the absolutist rulers, only __________ sought truly radical changes based on Enlightenment ideas.
A)Joseph II
B)Catherine the Great
C)Frederick the Great
D)Maria Theresa

11
The Seven Years' War involved a dispute over all of the following EXCEPT __________
A)Prussian and Austrian claims in Silesia.
B)Russian and Austrian claims in Silesia.
C)French and British claims in North America.
D)French and British claims in India.

12
Which statement does NOT characterize colonial Latin America?
A)Latin America was a multiracial society.
B)Spanish and Portuguese landowners created immense estates.
C)Spanish and Portuguese rulers were determined to Christianize the native peoples.
D)Colonial officials were closely regulated by Spanish and Portuguese rulers.

13
From the beginning, __________ supplied arms, money, and manpower to the North American colonies during their war for independence.
A)Portugal
B)Spain
C)France
D)The Dutch Republic

14
The United States’s first plan of government, the __________, did not provide for a strong central government.
A)Constitution
B)Articles of Confederation
C)Bill of Rights
D)Declaration of Independence
World History
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