Multiple Choice Quiz

Select the correct answer to the following multiple-choice questions by circling the appropriate letter.

1		In an inductive generalization, the subject of the conclusion is
			A)	the sample population.
			B)	an individual member of some class.
			C)	the population as a whole.
			D)	a statistical claim.
2		When determining the value of an inductive generalization, we must ask . . .
			A)	Is the sample large enough?
			B)	Is the sample representative of the population as a whole?
			C)	Are the premises true?
			D)	All of the above.
3		A poll which does not attempt to generate a random sample but instead invites persons to volunteer to participate is called
			A)	a double-blind poll.
			B)	a self-selecting sample.
			C)	a controlled study.
			D)	a reference class.
4		Statistical arguments that approach 50 percent, and that offer evidence that their conclusion is more likely true than false are
			A)	strong.
			B)	weak
			C)	reliable
			D)	incomplete
5		Which of the following is not relevant to the evaluation an argument from analogy?
			A)	the number of relevant similarities between the objects compared.
			B)	the number of relevant dissimilarities between the objects compared.
			C)	the specificity of the conclusion relative to the premises.
			D)	none of the above.
6		Which of the following is unreliable evidence for determining a causal relationship?
			A)	a controlled experiment
			B)	anecdotal evidence
			C)	a double-blind study
			D)	none of the above
7		"Every time Superman is around, Clark Kent is nowhere to be found," is an example of a
			A)	negative correlation
			B)	positive correlation
			C)	constant conjunction
			D)	none of the above
8		Which of the following is not an example of a priori probability.
			A)	the chances of a coin toss coming up heads.
			B)	the chances of winning the lottery.
			C)	the chances of the Lakers winning the NBA championship for a third time in a row.
			D)	the chances of picking a Jack on your first draw from a deck of cards.
9		"So far you've flipped the coin nine times in a row and no heads have come up. But the odds of getting ten tails in a row is astronomically low. This must mean that the next time you flip the coin it must come up heads." This argument is an example of
			A)	the law of averages.
			B)	the law of large numbers.
			C)	diminishing marginal value.
			D)	the gambler's fallacy.
10		A probability that takes information about a group as a whole and applies it to an individual case is
			A)	a priori probability
			B)	epistemic probability
			C)	relative frequency probability
			D)	none of the above