Interpreting

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1		Read the poem "To the Execution Ground" by Jiang He on page 408 of your text and compare and contrast it to "Punishment," which can be found on page 396 of your text. Consider point of view and tone in your answer.
2		What distinguishes the speaker in each poem? Which speaker garners more of your sympathy as a reader? Why? How does each speaker acknowledge his role as a witness to or participant in acts of punishment?
3		Read this review of Seamus Heaney's translation of Beowulf. What connection, if any, do you see between Heaney's decision to pursue his translation of Beowulf and his decision in "Punishment" to combine images of the Bog People of Denmark with the Troubles in Northern Ireland?