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1 | |
Claire, a 6-month-old child, smiles and grows excited when she gazes at the teddy bear in her crib. However, when her mother accidentally covers the bear with a blanket, the child begins to play with something else. According to Piaget, the child is demonstrating ____________ concerning the teddy bear. |
| | A) | thought without cognition |
| | B) | a learning disability |
| | C) | lack of object permanence |
| | D) | mental representation |
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2 | |
An infant sees a ball under a chair; but when he crawls over to the side of the chair, the ball is not there. The infant is soon distracted by another toy. Psychologists who have revised Piaget's insights would say that this infant |
| | A) | knew the ball still existed |
| | B) | did not attribute permanence to objects |
| | C) | had difficulty coordinating searching capabilities |
| | D) | did not possess cognitive representation |
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3 | |
A little girl hears the word "dog" and pictures her own dog Spot. She is using |
| | A) | object permanence |
| | B) | ikonic representation |
| | C) | enactive representation |
| | D) | symbolic representation |
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4 | |
Joey's grandparents are concerned about his behavior. One-year-old Joey is not talking, and most of the time is unresponsive. During a visit, the grandparents become concerned that Joey's mother suffers from |
| | A) | agoraphobia |
| | B) | drug addiction |
| | C) | maternal depression |
| | D) | anxiety attacks |
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5 | |
Bridget's baby quickly becomes drowsy and inattentive when she rocks her or lays her down on the floor to watch television. However, the baby quickly becomes reanimated when an interesting sight or sound occurs in the room. We might reasonably predict that Bridget's baby will |
| | A) | become impulsive and hyperactive |
| | B) | become cognitively competent |
| | C) | not differ substantially from other children during preschool years |
| | D) | not display categorical perception |
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6 | |
Monique is very concerned about how her behavior as a parent will affect her baby's intellectual development. Research suggests that Monique can best influence her infant's competence by doing all of the following except |
| | A) | provide the baby with immediate positive feedback |
| | B) | provide a nonrestrictive environment |
| | C) | teaching math to her baby during the first year of life |
| | D) | develop a secure parent-infant attachment |
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7 | |
Nathan, a 4-year-old, has been raised by overly ambitious parents who have pushed their son to gain academically oriented skills. We reasonably infer that Nathan |
| | A) | may grow to dislike learning as a result of the pressures to learn |
| | B) | will be more apt to undertake highly skilled activities |
| | C) | will develop a higher intellect |
| | D) | may benefit more from a structured preschool program |
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8 | |
Marta is 8 months old and can picture her bottle, even though she doesn't yet know the word for it. Which theorist would accept this view of language and thought? |
| | A) | Freud |
| | B) | Piaget |
| | C) | Vygotsky |
| | D) | Mead |
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9 | |
Joel has brought home a new dog for his family and wants to teach his young son how to call the dog. According to research on children's ability to conceptualize new words, Joel's son would most quickly learn which term? |
| | A) | canine |
| | B) | collie |
| | C) | animal |
| | D) | dog |
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10 | |
Roseanne said to her baby "Hey, Anna! Anna! Where's the doggie? Where's the doggie? See. On the steps. See, over there on the steps!" This kind of language, where the focus is on the location of an object, is representative of which form of parental speech? |
| | A) | baby talk |
| | B) | caretaker speech |
| | C) | caregiver speech |
| | D) | motherese |
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11 | |
Nancy is a depressed mother and primary caretaker for her new baby. She speaks to her infant very little, and uses unexaggerated intonation. She is slow to respond to her child's early attempts at vocalization. We can reasonably infer that Nancy's child |
| | A) | will acquire language in much the same manner as the child of a healthy, happy mother |
| | B) | will suffer a delay in language acquisition |
| | C) | will have an overdeveloped language acquisition device |
| | D) | will remain unaffected by her mother's depression |
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12 | |
In speaking to her 8-month-old baby, a mother uses shorter words, more pointing, more repetition, more exclamations (e.g., "gee," "gosh"), and more diminutives (e.g., "bunny" vs. "rabbit") than when talking to her 5-year-old. This simplified speech |
| | A) | is intended to develop the child's language acquisition capabilities |
| | B) | improves the child's object permanence ability |
| | C) | attributes conceptual ability to the baby and by doing so facilitates language acquisition |
| | D) | is pleasing to the parent but has no effect on the child because children this age have only productive speech |
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13 | |
Which statement in regard to language acquisition is most consistent with the nativists' viewpoint? |
| | A) | Language is acquired directly through learning processes. |
| | B) | Experience dictates the development of language. |
| | C) | Humans are biologically "preprogrammed" for language usage. |
| | D) | Learning and biology interact to determine language. |
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14 | |
Your child uses word constructions such as "all gone sticky" and "gooder." This type of language supports the |
| | A) | learning theory position |
| | B) | Piagetian position |
| | C) | nativist position |
| | D) | linguistic relativity position |
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15 | |
The two sentences "Carl flew the kite" and "The kite was flown by Carl" have the same _____ but different _______. |
| | A) | surface structure; deep structure |
| | B) | semantics; phonology |
| | C) | phonology; syntax |
| | D) | deep structure; surface structure |
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16 | |
Tony observed that his baby was able to alter the stress, pitch, and volume of his vocalizations when angry. Tony was witnessing his son's ability to use which form of communication? |
| | A) | metalanguage |
| | B) | paralanguage |
| | C) | language reception |
| | D) | telegraphic speech |
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17 | |
Keiko, a 6-month-old, has just begun to make her first babbling sounds. According to what is known about the development of babbling sounds in babies, which sound is Keiko least likely to utter first? |
| | A) | a nasal such as n or m |
| | B) | a single-stop consonant d, t, or b |
| | C) | vowel sounds such as "eh" |
| | D) | a consonant such as l, r, f, or v |
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18 | |
Tony, who has normal hearing, lives with deaf parents who communicate by sign language. Tony suffers severe asthma and is confined to his home where no English is spoken. By the time he is 4 years old, Tony will |
| | A) | probably not speak English |
| | B) | not understand English or sign language |
| | C) | have learned English through daily television exposure |
| | D) | be fluent in sign language and English |
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19 | |
A child says the word "mama" when she wants to be fed. The child also uses the word "mama" to communicate that she wants to be let out of her crib. The child's use of the word "mama" could be described as a(n) |
| | A) | overgeneralization |
| | B) | body language |
| | C) | transformational rule |
| | D) | holophrase |
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20 | |
Sara, a toddler, uses sentences such as "go store" and "more cookie." This child is probably using |
| | A) | general syntax rules |
| | B) | telegraphic speech |
| | C) | compound speech |
| | D) | functional speech |
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2003 McGraw-Hill Higher Education