Chapter Objectives

After studying this chapter, you should:

• Understand the main points of discrepancy amongst the neobehaviorists
• Know of Tolman’s purposive behaviorism and the implications of his latent learning
• Know of Guthrie’s principle of contiguity and how it accounted for so much
• Be able to describe Tolman’s and Guthrie’s views on the role of reinforcement
• Appreciate Hull’s research in aptitude testing and hypnosis
• Understand Hull’s learning theory, including his postulate of habit strength
• Know the primary components of Skinner’s operant conditioning
• Understand shaping, schedules of reinforcement, and the basics of behavior modification