| psalms | One hundred fifty inspirational verses from the Old Testament of the Bible.
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| psalm tunes | Tuneful settings of the psalms in versions suitable for congregational singing.
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| a cappella | Unaccompanied (choral singing).
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| psalter | A printed collection of the psalms translated into metered and rhymed verse, suitable for setting to simple tunes.
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| Bay Psalm Book | A famous psalter, the first book printed in America (1640).
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| anthem | A through-composed religious song, usually with a biblical text, for performance by a choir rather than a congregation.
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| through-composed | A song form containing new music throughout, without the internal repetition characteristic of strophic form.
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| lining out | A method of group singing in which each line of text is sung by a leader and echoed by the group or congregation.
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| singing school masters | Musical amateurs who taught people to read music and to sing.
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| First New England School | America’s first composers, also known as Yankee pioneers and singing school masters, who lived in New England in the eighteenth century and the early nineteenth century, and who wrote music to use as teaching tools.
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| canon | A polyphonic composition in which all the voices perform the same melody beginning at different times.
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| fuging tune | A hymn or psalm tune in two sections, the first homophonic and the second polyphonic in texture.
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