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Pre-Test
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1
Defenses that are present at birth and function largely the same regardless of the identity of the invader are referred to as _______________, while defenses that develop only after an encounter with a specific foreign substance are referred to as _____________.
A)innate immunity; acquired immunity
B)acquired immunity; autoimmunity
C)autoimmunity; innate immunity
D)innate immunity; autoimmunity
E)acquired immunity; innate immunity
2
True or False: All leukocytes are derived a common type of stem cell.
A)True
B)False
3
Which one of the following statements about the specific immune response is incorrect?
A)Helper T cells do not directly kill an infected, mutated, or transplanted cell.
B)A foreign molecule that induces an immune response is referred to as an antigen.
C)The ability to adapt immune activity to a specific invader is found exclusively in vertebrates.
D)Specific immune responses are due primarily to the action of lymphocytes.
E)All of the statements about the specific immune response are correct.
4
Which of the following represents the greatest contribution to decreased resistance to infection worldwide?
A)Autoimmunity
B)Chronic stress
C)Lack of exercise
D)Protein malnutrition
E)Depression





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