Environmental Science, 11th Edition (Cunningham)

Chapter 17: Water Use and Management

Practice Quiz

1
The main events in the hydrologic cycle include
A)evaporation of water off the earth's surface driven by solar energy.
B)condensation of gaseous water into droplets, liquid or solid.
C)the gravitational pull of water or ice droplets to earth as rain or snow.
D)all of the above.
2
The temperature at which gaseous water condenses to form liquid water is called
A)the sublimation point.
B)the dew point.
C)the relative humidity point.
D)none of the above.
3
Evaporation is greatest at
A)the equator.
B)mid-latitudes.
C)higher latitudes.
D)polar regions.
4
_______ percent of earth's water is freshwater.
A)Two
B)Ten
C)Thirty
D)Fifty
5
According to the United Nations, by 2025, 2/3 of the world's population will be living in draught-stressed conditions.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
6
The dip in the water table below wells is called the
A)recharge area.
B)discharge area.
C)cone of depression.
D)aquifer.
7
Worldwide per capita use of water has
A)remained remarkably constant over the centuries.
B)increased slightly.
C)increased substantially.
D)actually dropped because of technological advances.
8
The largest single use of water for industrial purposes is for
A)canning and food processing.
B)cooling.
C)power production.
D)washing produce in food processing industries.
9
Obtaining usable freshwater by processing seawater is
A)not cost-effective in most places.
B)not technically possible on a large scale.
C)widely expected to resolve the water crisis in most developing countries that front on oceans.
D)none of the above.
10
Aquifers are porous underground geological formations from which water can be extracted.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
11
Groundwater recharge in most areas of the U.S. is just barely keeping up with the rate of water withdrawal.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
12
Transpiration
A)occurs when plants absorb ground water and return it to the atmosphere
B)returns as much as 75% of the precipitation that falls on tropical forests to the atmosphere
C)is an important component of the hydrologic cycle
D)All of the above
13
Rain shadows
A)are areas of particularly high precipitation
B)are areas known for receiving little precipitation
C)generally do not occur near mountains
D)1 and 3 are correct
14
Wetlands are important for the infiltration of water into aquifers
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
15
Which of the following are characteristics of aquifers?
A)slow recharge rates
B)they often hold water that was deposited there thousands of years ago
C)sometimes cause saltwater intrusion when depleted
D)All of the above
16
Clearing forests can
A)alter rainfall patterns.
B)increase runoff.
C)enhance transpiration.
D)1 and 2 are correct.
E)1 and 3 are correct.
17
Of all the world's fresh water, nearly ___ % is tied up in glaciers, ice caps and snowfields.
A)25
B)50
C)75
D)90
18
Water tables rise and fall seasonally.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
19
The total amount of water taken from a lake, river, or aquifer for any pruposes is known as ________.
A)consumption
B)withdrawal
C)discharge
D)depletion
20
Which if the following irrigation techniques is least wasteful of water?
A)flood irrigation
B)sprinkler irrigation
C)furrow irrigation
D)drip irrigation
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