Biology (Mader), 10th Edition

Chapter 35: Respiratory Systems

Post-Test

1
Gas exchange takes place by the physical process of _____.
A)receptor mediated endocytosis
B)active transport
C)diffusion
D)osmosis
2
The area where gas exchange occurs must _____ for diffusion to be effective.
A)be dry
B)have a large surface area
C)be thick
D)All of these
3
Which of the following has a specialized respiratory system?
A)An earthworm
B)Hydra
C)Planaria
D)None of these
4
Respiration obtains oxygen which _____.
A)enters the mitochondria
B)is used to produce ATP during cellular respiration
C)is carried on the hemoglobin of erythrocytes
D)All of these
5
Gas exchange between air and blood within the lungs is part of _____.
A)internal respiration
B)external respiration
C)breathing
6
The effectiveness of diffusion increases when _____.
A)the blood contains a respiratory pigment like hemoglobin
B)the gas-exchange region is thin
C)there is vascularization
D)All of these
7
Quite often aquatic organisms have _____, which extract oxygen from the water.
A)lungs
B)tracheae
C)gills
D)air sacs
8
Positive pressure is used by _____ to push air into the lungs.
A)amphibians
B)reptiles
C)birds
D)mammals
9
Exposure to _____ can cause pulmonary fibrosis.
A)the protozoan, Pneumocystis carinii
B)Pulmonary tuberculosis
C)coal dust
10
Which of the following is associated with emphysema?
A)Persistent wheezing and expectoration of mucus
B)Fluid-filled bronchi and alveoli
C)A build up of fibrous connective tissue in the lungs
D)Damaged alveoli and decreased surface area for gas exchange
11
Which combines with hemoglobin the most readily?
A)Oxygen
B)Hydrogen
C)Carbon monoxide
12
Reduced hemoglobin plays a vital role in maintaining normal _____.
A)blood pH
B)blood glucose
C)body temperature
D)All of these
13
The saturation of hemoglobin is affected by _____.
A)temperature
B)pH
C)the partial pressure
D)All of these
14
Most of the CO2 is transported in the form of _____.
A)carbaminohemoglobin
B)the bicarbonate ion
C)carbonic anhydrase
15
Gas exchange between the air and the lungs takes place in the _____.
A)bronchi
B)alveoli
C)nasal cavities
D)glottis
16
The nasal cavities _____ the air.
A)warm
B)filter
C)moisten
D)All of these
17
The surface area in lungs that is available for gas exchange is large due to the presence of _____.
A)alveoli
B)lamellae
C)villi
D)All of these
18
Carbonic anhydrase _____.
A)is an enzyme in red blood cells that speeds the breakdown of carbonic acid
B)slows down the production of the bicarbonate ion
C)slows down the addition of iron to blood
19
During internal respiration in the tissues, _____.
A)oxygen is actively transported from the blood into the tissues
B)oxygen diffuses from the tissues into the blood
C)carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the blood
20
Oxygenated blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart in _____.
A)a pulmonary vein
B)the superior vena cava
C)the pulmonary trunk
D)None of these
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