Biology (Mader), 10th Edition

Chapter 45: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Post-Test

1
A community is _____.
A)all members of one species in a particular location
B)all autotrophs within the same environment
C)a collection of different species that interact with each other in a specific location
D)all the abiotic features of an environment
2
Community composition is dependent on _____.
A)climate
B)the supply of inorganic nutrients
C)the amount of available space
D)All of these
3
An equilibrium in species diversity develops when _____.
A)there are a large number of patches
B)immigration and extinction rates are equal
C)an island is close to the mainland
D)a big island is surrounded by many small islands
4
Which of the following statements about islands is true?
A)The size of the island does not affect the number of species found on it.
B)A large island has greater extinction rate than a small island.
C)An island close to the mainland will experience more immigration than an island far away.
D)All of these
5
Which of the following is a type of interaction seen in a community?
A)Competition
B)Predator-prey
C)Parasitism
D)All of these
6
A description of an organism's ecological niche includes _____.
A)where it lives
B)its role in the community
C)its interactions with other species
D)All of these
7
Which is narrower?
A)Fundamental niche of an organism
B)Realized niche of an organism
C)Habitat of an organism
8
Resource partitioning _____.
A)can result in character displacement
B)allows different species to coexist in the same habitat
C)reduces competition
D)All of these
9
When two similar species end up living together in a dynamic equilibrium, it is usually through _____.
A)competitive exclusion
B)character displacement
C)resource partitioning
10
The divergence in beak size when the three populations of finches lived on one island together illustrates _____.
A)character displacement
B)mutualism
C)ongoing interspecific competition
D)None of these
11
When one living organism feeds on another, the organism serving as the food source is called the _____.
A)prey
B)predator
C)consumer
12
Which of the following is NOT an example of a predaceous consumer?
A)A cow feeding on some grass
B)A tapeworm feeding on a dog
C)A wolf feeding on an elk
D)All of these
13
When the population density of prey increases, _____.
A)the population density of the predators immediately increases
B)the predator numbers exceed those of the prey
C)predators are more likely to encounter the prey
D)All of these
14
Which of the following is an anti-predator defense?
A)cactus spines
B)camouflage
C)mimicry
D)All of these
15
Poisonous animals use _____ to prevent attack in the first place.
A)camouflage
B)warning coloration
C)flocking together
D)mimicry
16
When one species resembles another that possesses an overt anti-predator defense, _____ is the defense being used.
A)mimicry
B)warning coloration
C)camouflage
D)startle coloration
17
Which of the following is an example of a keystone predator?
A)An African elephant
B)An Acacia tree
C)A clownfish
D)A cuckoo
18
Each successive community prepares the way for the next, according to the _____ model of succession.
A)facilitation
B)inhibition
C)tolerance
19
If a sea anemone derives no benefit from a clownfish hiding from its predators within the anemone's tentacles, then their relationship is classified as _____.
A)parasitism
B)commensalism
C)mutualism
20
Parasites are a good illustration of the concept "structure supports function" because _____.
A)they have complete digestive tracts
B)they don't always kill their host
C)they might cycle between primary and secondary host
D)they have organs or appendages for attaching to the host
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