Biology (Mader), 10th Edition

Chapter 46: Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Post-Test

1
The tilt of the earth on its axis as it rotates around the sun accounts for _____.
A)the seasons of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
B)the absence of seasons at the equator
C)All of these
2
The greatest amounts of rainfall on Earth are _____.
A)at about 30° north and south latitude
B)near the equator
C)at about 60° north and south latitude
3
The trade winds are a result of _____.
A)variations in solar reception
B)the tilt of the earth's axis as it rotates around the sun
C)the spinning of the earth on its axis
D)None of the above
4
The distribution of biomes in the biosphere is dependent upon _____.
A)the distribution of land masses and oceans
B)variations in solar radiation reception, due to a spherical earth
C)topography features
D)All of these
5
The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun during the _____.
A)vernal equinox
B)winter solstice
C)autumnal equinox
D)summer solstice
6
The biomes savanna and tropical rainforest have a similar _____.
A)mean annual precipitation
B)mean annual temperature
C)All of these
7
A biome has ____.
A)a characteristic group of animals
B)a characteristic group of plants
C)specific environmental conditions
D)All of these
8
A biome with a deep layer of topsoil is a _____.
A)tropical rainforest
B)cold northern coniferous forest
C)temperate grassland
D)All of the above
9
Based on rainfall amounts, the tundra is comparable to a _____.
A)temperate deciduous forest
B)desert
C)estuary
D)prairie
10
The taiga is typified by _____.
A)permafrost that is always frozen
B)conifers
C)deciduous trees
D)a large and varied assemblage of grazers
11
Trees which lose their leaves in the fall are characteristic of _____.
A)desert
B)savannas
C)temperate deciduous forests
D)shrublands
12
The large quantity of leaf litter created in a temperate deciduous forest means _____.
A)there will be very few detritivores
B)there will be a rich layer of humus
C)less energy is lost as heat
D)All of these
13
A plant that grows on another plant is called an _____.
A)epicotyl
B)epidermis
C)epiphyte
D)epiglottis
14
The trees in the tropical rainforest _____.
A)have broad leaves
B)become very tall: 15-50 meters or more
C)may be supported by lianas or woody vines
D)All of these
15
The greatest variety and number of herbivores is supported by the _____.
A)old-growth forest of the Pacific Coast
B)Arctic tundra
C)African savanna
16
Which of the following is associated with an El Nino - Southern Oscillation?
A)Drought in India and Africa
B)Hurricanes on the east coast of the US
C)A bountiful Peruvian harvest of anchovies
D)All of these
17
The abyssal plain is characterized by _____.
A)an absence of living things
B)numerous phytoplankton
C)hydrothermal vents that support communities of organisms
D)a variety of seaweed
18
Which of the following statements about lake stratification is true?
A)Deep lakes are stratified all year round in the temperate zone.
B)Surface waters receive nutrients from deep waters during spring and fall overturn.
C)The surface layer is called the hypolimnion.
D)Ice formation begins at the bottom.
19
Which lake zone does not receive light?
A)Profundal zone
B)Littoral zone
C)Limnetic zone
D)Benthic zone
20
Free-drifting photosynthetic microscopic organisms are called _____.
A)benthos
B)zooplankton
C)phytoplankton
D)consumers
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