Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology (Shier), 12th Edition

Chapter 17: Digestive System

Post-Test

Learning Outcome 17.3

1
Which intestinal layer accounts for the action of the peristaltic waves?
A)serosa
B)muscularis
C)submucosa
D)mucous

Learning Outcome 17.3

2
The alimentary tube is around _____ meters long.
A)2
B)4
C)6
D)9

Learning Outcome 17.1

3
The _____ nervous system division usually stimulates and promotes digestion.
A)somatic
B)sympathetic
C)central
D)parasympathetic

Learning Outcome 17.5

4
The processes of chewing are referred to as _____.
A)churning
B)mastication
C)peristalsis
D)deglutition

Learning Outcome 17.8

5
Gastric enzymes are secreted by the _____ cells.
A)chief
B)goblet
C)parietal
D)oxyntic

Learning Outcome 17.9

6
Proteins are digested or broken down by the _____ in the stomach.
A)pepsinogen
B)pepsin
C)hydrochloric acid
D)lipase

Learning Outcome 17.9

7
Parasympathetic stomach impulses cause all of the following except which one?
A)secretion of somatostatin
B)inhibition of somatostatin
C)secretion of gastrin
D)promotes histamine

Learning Outcome 17.9

8
Gastrin secretion will stop when the stomach pH reaches _____.
A)7.0
B)4.5
C)1.5
D)3.0

Learning Outcome 17.9

9
The alkaline tide occurs when _____ is secreted into the blood.
A)HCl
B)H+
C)bicarbonate ions
D)phosphate ions

Learning Outcome 17.9

10
The _____ duct directly receives the fluids from the gallbladder.
A)cystic
B)common bile
C)hepatic
D)common hepatic

Learning Outcome 17.10

11
The common bile duct is formed by the merger of the hepatic and _____ ducts.
A)common hepatic
B)cystic
C)pancreatic
D)Santorini

Learning Outcome 17.7

12
The ampulla of Vater is the area that joins the common bile duct to the _____ duct.
A)hepatic
B)pancreatic
C)cystic
D)common hepatic

Learning Outcome 17.7

13
Gallbladder stones are medically referred to as a _____ condition.
A)cholecystitis
B)cholecystectomy
C)cholelithiasis
D)cholesterol calculi

Learning Outcome 17.9

14
Bile facilitates digestion by causing the _____ of fats.
A)hydrolysis
B)digestion
C)catalysis
D)emulsification

Learning Outcome 17.9

15
Bile salts combine with fatty acids to form complexes called _____ that facilitate absorption.
A)chylomicrons
B)micelles
C)globules
D)lipoproteins

Learning Outcome 17.8

16
Amylase could be found in all of these areas except which one?
A)mouth
B)stomach
C)duodenum
D)pancreas

Learning Outcome 17.12

17
Most of the absorption of nutrients occurs in the _____.
A)colon
B)duodenum
C)jejunum
D)ileum

Learning Outcome 17.12

18
Fatty acids and glycerol are released when _____ are broken down by liver or muscle cells.
A)micelles
B)chylomicrons
C)lacteals
D)lipoproteins

Learning Outcome 17.12

19
Which of the following is NOT readily absorbed in the small intestine?
A)Na+
B)Cl-
C)K+
D)Mg2+

Learning Outcome 17.9

20
The ileocecal valve prevents chyme from entering the _____.
A)large intestine
B)small intestine
C)stomach
D)duodenum

Learning Outcome 17.5

21
The frenulum is the membrane attached to the inferior surface of the _____.
A)tongue
B)stomach
C)lips
D)liver

Learning Outcome 17.5

22
The following are true of the tongue except which one?
A)contains skeletal muscle
B)attaches to hyoid bone
C)attaches to temporal bone
D)contains papillae

Learning Outcome 17.7

23
Which lymphatic areas are most commonly the sites of inflammation?
A)Peyer's patches
B)palatine tonsils
C)lingual tonsils
D)adenoids

Learning Outcome 17.6

24
The term wisdom tooth refers to the _____ tooth.
A)incisor
B)third molar
C)second bicuspid
D)first cuspid

Learning Outcome 17.6

25
The portion of a tooth which lies within the mandible socket is called the _____.
A)dentin
B)crown
C)root
D)cementum

Learning Outcome 17.6

26
Which part of a tooth most closely resembles bone tissue?
A)enamel
B)cementum
C)dentin
D)gingiva

Learning Outcome 17.11

27
Which muscles constrict to prevent air from entering the esophagus during breathing?
A)superior constrictor
B)middle constrictor
C)inferior constrictor
D)esophageal

Learning Outcome 17.3

28
A hiatal hernia is a weakness in the _____ muscle, which allows a portion of the digestive tract to enter the thoracic cavity.
A)diaphragm
B)stomach
C)intestinal
D)thoracic wall

Learning Outcome 17.2

29
The _____ part of the stomach is the area connected to the esophagus.
A)cardiac
B)pyloric
C)fundus
D)body

Learning Outcome 17.10

30
The _____ prevents food from entering the small intestine.
A)cardiac sphincter
B)pyloric valve
C)ileo-colic valve
D)sphincter of Oddi

Learning Outcome 17.9

31
What is the stimulus for cholecystokinin release?
A)chyme
B)lipids
C)protein
D)gastrin

Learning Outcome 17.9

32
What blocks pancreatic secretions from entering the duodenum?
A)pyloric valve
B)sphincter of Oddi
C)the common bile duct
D)cholecystokinin secretion

Learning Outcome 17.9

33
Which of the following triggers the formation of the others?
A)trypsin
B)enterokinase
C)carboxypeptidase
D)chymotrypsin

Learning Outcome 17.9

34
Proteins are split by all of the following pancreatic factors except which one?
A)zymogen
B)chymotrypsin
C)trypsin
D)carboxypeptidase

Learning Outcome 17.9

35
Pancreatitis is mainly the result of _____ activity.
A)bile
B)bacterial
C)carboxypeptidase
D)trypsin

Learning Outcome 17.9

36
Which of the following are NOT active in the duodenum?
A)nuclease
B)enterokinase
C)pepsin
D)amylase

Learning Outcome 17.9

37
Secretin from the duodenum causes the pancreas to produce secretions rich in _____.
A)proteolytic enzymes
B)amylase
C)lipase
D)bicarbonate

Learning Outcome 17.9

38
Which of these is a hormone name?
A)trypsin
B)ribonuclease
C)cholecystokinin
D)chymotrypsinogen

Learning Outcome 17.9

39
The hormone which causes the pancreas to secrete an enzyme rich fluid is _____.
A)cholecystokinin
B)secretin
C)enterogastrone
D)enterocrinin

Learning Outcome 17.12

40
Which organ has the most metabolically active cells?
A)pancreas
B)liver
C)stomach
D)small intestine

Learning Outcome 17.9

41
Ferritin is a globular protein that transports and stores ______ in the liver and blood.
A)glycogen
B)lipids
C)vitamin B12
D)iron

Learning Outcome 17.12

42
Which of the following vitamins is NOT stored in the liver?
A)C
B)D
C)B12
D)A

Learning Outcome 17.12

43
The liver stores ______ for energy.
A)nucleic acids
B)glycogen
C)glucose
D)vitamins

Learning Outcome 17.7

44
Which of the following is NOT a function of the adult liver?
A)glycogen storage
B)detoxification
C)synthesis of clotting proteins
D)erythropoiesis

Learning Outcome 17.7

45
The liver contains special blood channels termed _____.
A)sinusoids
B)central vein
C)hepatic cells
D)portal veins

Learning Outcome 17.7

46
The falciform ligament separates the right from _____ lobe.
A)quadrate
B)left
C)caudate
D)pancreatic

Learning Outcome 17.7

47
Which organ produces and secretes bile?
A)liver
B)gallbladder
C)pancreas
D)duodenum

Learning Outcome 17.7

48
The Kupffer cells are phagocytic cells found in the _____.
A)gallbladder
B)pancreas
C)intestine
D)liver

Learning Outcome 17.9

49
The buildup of bile pigment in tissues that can be caused by gallstones is _____.
A)hyperbilirubinemia
B)obstructive jaundice
C)hepatitis
D)hepatocellular jaundice

Learning Outcome 17.9

50
Which of these is a water soluble vitamin?
A)D
B)C
C)E
D)K

Learning Outcome 17.9

51
Which of the following acts to inhibit acid production?
A)secretin
B)somatostatin
C)cholecystokinin
D)gastrin

Learning Outcome 17.8

52
Which area has the greatest amount of enzyme activity?
A)duodenum
B)colon
C)jejunum
D)ileum

Learning Outcome 17.7

53
The shortest section of the intestines is the _____.
A)colon
B)duodenum
C)ileum
D)jejunum

Learning Outcome 17.7

54
The membrane that hangs like an apron over the intestines is the _____.
A)mesentery
B)visceral peritoneum
C)parietal peritoneum
D)greater omentum

Learning Outcome 17.7

55
The finger-like extensions inside the small intestine are called _____ and increase the surface area.
A)microvilli
B)villi
C)lacteals
D)lumens

Learning Outcome 17.7

56
The _____ are vessels that project into the villi and absorb fatty substances.
A)lacteals
B)lymphatics
C)veins
D)arteries

Learning Outcome 17.7

57
The following belong together except which one?
A)small intestine
B)large intestine
C)plicae circulares
D)crypts of Lieberkuhn

Learning Outcome 17.8

58
Which of these does NOT belong with the others?
A)lipase
B)sucrase
C)maltase
D)lactase

Learning Outcome 17.7

59
Which is the only area that can digest a double sugar?
A)jejunum
B)stomach
C)duodenum
D)pancreas

Learning Outcome 17.11

60
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
A)constipation
B)diarrhea
C)cramps
D)flatus

Learning Outcome 17.3

61
The _____________ layer of the alimentary canal contains loose connective tissue, glands, blood and lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)muscular layer
D)serosa

Learning Outcome 17.1

62
Activities of the digestive system are generally increased by _________________ nervous stimulation.
A)sympathetic
B)parasympathetic
C)somatic
D)autonomic

Learning Outcome 17.5

63
The purpose of the soft palate is to __________________.
A)house extra taste buds
B)sense temperature of food before it is swallowed
C)produce saliva and enzymatic secretions
D)close off the nasal cavity during swallowing

Learning Outcome 17.5

64
What mouth part helps to mix food with saliva, moves food toward the pharynx for swallowing, and houses taste receptor cells?
A)lips
B)palate
C)tongue
D)cheeks

Learning Outcome 17.7

65
Which salivary glands produce the most viscous saliva with lots of mucus?
A)sublingual glands
B)submandibular glands
C)parotid glands
D)serous cells

Learning Outcome 17.11

66
What initiates the swallowing reflex?
A)fear of choking on food
B)the tongue rolling the bolus to the pharynx
C)sensory receptors detecting the bolus in the pharynx
D)secretion of saliva at the thought of food

Learning Outcome 17.7

67
The main part of the stomach is the _______________ of the stomach.
A)cardiac region
B)fundic region
C)body
D)pyloric region

Learning Outcome 17.9

68
Intrinsic factor is secreted by which cells of the gastric glands?
A)mucous cells
B)chief cells
C)peptic cells
D)parietal cells

Learning Outcome 17.9

69
During which stage of gastric secretion do gastric glands actually begin secreting gastric juice?
A)cephalic phase
B)gastric phase
C)intestinal phase
D)enterogastric reflex

Learning Outcome 17.9

70
The pancreas secretes enzymes that enter the small intestine and chemically digest chyme. Choose the enzyme(s) that break(s) down fats.
A)carboxypeptidase
B)pancreatic lipase
C)trypsinogen
D)pancreatic amylase

Learning Outcome 17.9

71
What hormone does the small intestine release in response to acidic chyme?
A)cholecystokinin
B)secretin
C)digestin
D)gastrin

Learning Outcome 17.7

72
What is the primary purpose of the liver in aiding digestion?
A)produces digestive enzymes
B)produces alkaline solution to neutralize stomach acidity
C)produces bile to emulsify fats in the small intestine
D)produces substances that aid the large intestine in water absorption

Learning Outcome 17.12

73
How are the components of fats absorbed in the small intestine?
A)Specific receptor proteins carry fatty acids across the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream.
B)Fatty acids are transported by active transport to the bloodstream.
C)Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes, are reconstructed in the cells, and then carried off by lacteals as chylomicrons.
D)Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes and into the bloodstream where they are carried to the liver for processing.

Learning Outcome 17.7

74
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
A)to complete the absorption of most nutrients
B)to house gas-producing bacteria
C)to rid the body of toxins
D)to compact, store, and eliminate feces

Learning Outcome 17.12

75
Where does the greatest amount of digestion occur?
A)small intestine
B)stomach
C)large intestine
D)liver

Learning Outcome 17.5

76
Which term does NOT belong with the others?
A)teeth
B)mastication
C)esophagus
D)tongue

Learning Outcome 17.6

77
The portion of a tooth below the gums is the _____.
A)dentin
B)crown
C)root
D)pulp

Learning Outcome 17.8

78
The enzyme salivary amylase begins to digest which molecules?
A)proteins
B)carbohydrates
C)lipids
D)nucleic acids

Learning Outcome 17.7

79
The surface area of the stomach is enhanced by the presence of folds called _____.
A)rugae
B)villi
C)microvilli
D)plicae

Learning Outcome 17.7

80
Where would the least amount of bacteria be found?
A)small intestine
B)colon
C)stomach
D)pharynx

Learning Outcome 17.7

81
What normally holds the intestines in position within the abdominal cavity?
A)mesentery
B)gravity
C)adipose
D)stomach muscles

Learning Outcome 17.7

82
The pancreatic duct connects to what part of the digestive tube?
A)jejunum
B)liver
C)ileum
D)duodenum

Learning Outcome 17.7

83
The appendix is attached to which of the following structures?
A)transverse colon
B)descending colon
C)ascending colon
D)cecum

Learning Outcome 17.9

84
Which of these vitamins is formed by bacteria in the colon?
A)C
B)D
C)B6
D)K

Learning Outcome 17.11

85
During swallowing, the soft palate is moved upward and the epiglottis is tilted downward.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.12

86
Gastric intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.11

87
Emetics cause the vomiting center in the hypothalamus to propel food by contracting stomach muscles.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

88
The enterogastric reflex normally inhibits the further contraction of the stomach as the duodenum fills.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.1

89
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that affects digestion as well as respiration.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.2

90
The portal veins drain blood from the liver and convey it to the inferior vena cava.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

91
The liver has the ability to convert carbohydrates into amino acids.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

92
Hepatitis can be caused by viruses such as hepatitis A which can be transmitted by contaminated food.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

93
Hepatitis is infection of the liver most commonly caused by hepatitis A viruses.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

94
Hemolytic jaundice is a disease involving an excess production of erythrocytes.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

95
Without a gallbladder, a person will develop vitamin and lipid deficiencies because of the lack of bile.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.12

96
In the condition of lactose intolerance, the person develops problems because of the rapid digestion of lactose.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.12

97
Chylomicrons are lipoprotein aggregates that are absorbed into the intestinal villi.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.1

98
The digestive system functions to provide cells with proper amounts of proteins, carbohydrate or fats.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.6

99
The so-called wisdom teeth are actually the four last molars.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.10

100
The pyloric sphincter acts to prevent food from leaving the small intestine.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.2

101
The area called the vermiform appendix apparently serves no digestive function in humans.
A)True
B)False

Learning Outcome 17.7

102
The descending colon usually lies on the left abdominal wall area.
A)True
B)False
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