When you finish studying the material in this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Define diversity and review the four layers of diversity.
   
   
2. Explain the difference between affirmative action and managing diversity.
   
   
3. Describe the glass ceiling and the four top strategies used by women to break the glass ceiling.
   
   
4. Review the demographic trends pertaining to racial groups, educational mismatches, and an aging workforce.
   
   
5. Highlight the managerial implications of increasing diversity in the workforce.
   
   
6. Explain the positive and negative effects of diversity by using social categorization theory and information/decision-making theory.
   
   
7. Identify the barriers and challenges to managing diversity.
   
   
8. Discuss the organizational practices used to effectively manage diversity as identified by R Roosevelt Thomas, Jr.