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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

Fungi

Chapter Quiz


1	Fungi are ________________.
		A)	sometimes cryptoendolithic
		B)	vitally important in the biosphere
		C)	decomposers
		D)	All of these are correct.


2	True or false. Fungal diversity in the soil greatly influences the species composition of the plant community.
		A)	True
		B)	False


3	How many species of fungi exist?
		A)	5,000
		B)	50,000
		C)	1 million
		D)	10 million


4	How do fungi differ from plants?
		A)	fungi store carbohydrate as glycogen
		B)	fungal cell walls consist of chitin
		C)	fungi are heterotrophs
		D)	All of these are correct.


5	In what manner are fungi not similar to animals?
		A)	heterotropic nutrition
		B)	communicate with pheromones
		C)	saprobic nutrition
		D)	store carbohydrate as glycogen


6	The visible part of a fungus that extends above the ground is called the _____________.
		A)	thallus
		B)	hyphae
		C)	rhizoid
		D)	mushroom


7	Long strands of fungal tissue not separated by dividers into cells are called _______________.
		A)	septate hyphae
		B)	continuous mycelium
		C)	nonseptate hyphae
		D)	multicellular mycelium


8	True or false. There is considerable fossil evidence of fungi.
		A)	True
		B)	False


9	The microscopic primitive fungi, called ___________, are found everywhere.
		A)	zygomycetes
		B)	ascomycetes
		C)	chytrids
		D)	basidiomycetes


10	Black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) is a member of the division of the ____________.
		A)	zygomycetes
		B)	ascomycetes
		C)	chytrids
		D)	basidiomycetes


11	What is a distinguishing trait of the zygomycetes?
		A)	asexual and sexual reproduction
		B)	spectacular growth rate
		C)	numerous species
		D)	All of these are correct.


12	The fungi that cause diaper rash, chestnut blight, are used to produce the antibiotic penecillin, and give rise to the edible truffle all belong to the _____________.
		A)	zygomycetes
		B)	ascomycetes
		C)	chytrids
		D)	basidiomycetes


13	Sexual spores of the multicellular ascomycetes are called ___________.
		A)	asci
		B)	basidia
		C)	ascospores
		D)	conidia


14	In what way are ascomycetes and basidiomycetes considered sister groups?
		A)	they share DNA sequences
		B)	both have septate hyphae
		C)	a dikaryon may be formed before sexual reproduction
		D)	All of these are correct.


15	True or false. Smuts and rusts are plant pathogens from the basidiomycetes that destroy cereal crops.
		A)	True
		B)	False


16	True or false. The mushroom is a key player in the basidiomycete sexual reproductive cycle.
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	Mycorrhizae help plants to _______________ while the plants give ____________ to the mycorrhizae.
		A)	transport nutrients; protection
		B)	absorb water and minerals; carbohydrate
		C)	stand in the soil; nitrogen
		D)	absorb water; minerals


18	A lichen is a symbiotic relationship between ______________.
		A)	two fungi of different groups
		B)	a plant and a fungus
		C)	a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium
		D)	a fungus and an insect


19	True or false. Lichens can be used to monitor air pollution.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	True or false. Leaf-cutter ants and their fungal gardens constitute a mutualistic symbiosis, where both participants benefit.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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