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Life, 4/e

Ricki Lewis, University of New York at Albany
Mariëlle Hoefnagels, University of Oklahoma
Douglas Gaffin, University of Oklahoma
Bruce Parker, Utah Valley State College

The Immune System

Chapter Quiz


1	True or false. The immune systems of invertebrates have two parts, innate and acquired immunity.
		A)	True
		B)	False


2	The three major types of cytokines in vertebrates include all of these except __________.
		A)	interleukins
		B)	cecropins
		C)	interferons
		D)	tumor necrosis factor


3	True or false. Many vertebrate immune system components have invertebrate counterparts.
		A)	True
		B)	False


4	Insects make many types of antimicrobial peptides called _____________.
		A)	complement
		B)	interferon
		C)	defensins
		D)	interleukins


5	Acquired immunity first appeared 450 million years ago in the _____________.
		A)	sharks and rays
		B)	echinoderms
		C)	sponges
		D)	jawless fishes


6	Nonspecific chemical mechanisms that prevent attack by foreign microorganisms include ____________.
		A)	skin
		B)	mucus
		C)	earwax
		D)	stomach acid
		E)	All of these are correct


7	Redness, heat, tenderness, swelling, and pain are symptoms of __________.
		A)	infection
		B)	diseases
		C)	inflammation
		D)	tissue damage


8	Histamines cause blood vessels to dilate, allowing white blood cells access to the injury. What cells release histamines?
		A)	phagocytes
		B)	mast cells
		C)	lymphocytes
		D)	macrophages


9	There are two main consequences of fever, phagocytosis becoming more active is one. What is the other?
		A)	blood iron is less available
		B)	cytokines are more active
		C)	swelling allows more plasma to enter the infected area
		D)	blood pressure decreases


10	_____________ that encode for self proteins associated with acquired defenses are part of the major histocompatibility complex.
		A)	Antibodies
		B)	Macrophages
		C)	Genes
		D)	Collectins


11	Foreign bodies that elicit antibody production are called _____________.
		A)	bacteria
		B)	antibodies
		C)	antigens
		D)	aliens


12	Long-lived B cells are given the name _____________.
		A)	plasma cells
		B)	memory B cells
		C)	helper T cells
		D)	activated cells


13	True or false. Antibodies bind to specific antigens along their constant regions.
		A)	True
		B)	False


14	The cellular immune response begins when a helper T cell recognizes a ____________ with a bound non-self antigen.
		A)	macrophage
		B)	tumor necrosis factor
		C)	white blood cell
		D)	body cell


15	True or false. About 1% of people have defective CD4 receptors and cannot contract HIV no matter how many times they are exposed.
		A)	True
		B)	False


16	Diseases in which the immune system turns against the body’s own cells are called ___________ diseases.
		A)	allergic
		B)	immune
		C)	viral
		D)	autoimmune


17	True or false. In some cases of bacterial superantigens, overproduction of cytokines causes the symptoms of illness, not the bacteria.
		A)	True
		B)	False


18	Substances that trigger allergic reactions are called ____________.
		A)	allergens
		B)	antigens
		C)	antibodies
		D)	antihistamines


19	The most common treatment of anaphylactic shock is ___________.
		A)	drinking a beverage with caffeine
		B)	injection with adrenaline
		C)	tracheotomy
		D)	treatment with penecillin


20	Which agent is used in immunotherapy?
		A)	monoclonal antibodies
		B)	interferon
		C)	interleukin-2
		D)	All of these are correct.

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