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1 | |
Gender is to the meaning of being male or female as sex is to one's ___________ identity. |
| | A) | social |
| | B) | biological |
| | C) | prescribed |
| | D) | expressive |
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2 | |
Which of the following was NOT one of Freud's arguments in the context of the social and biological differences between men and women? |
| | A) | Women are more submissive than men. |
| | B) | Women are less neurotic than men. |
| | C) | Women are more passive than men. |
| | D) | A woman's anatomy is her destiny. |
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3 | |
The arguments of sociobiologists regarding inherent differences between men and women are questioned by the authors of your text as possibly representing the fallacy of ____________ in order to justify a double standard. |
| | A) | non sequitur |
| | B) | personal attack |
| | C) | circular reasoning |
| | D) | retrospective determinism |
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4 | |
Regarding differences between men and women, the research of Anne Fausto-Sterling supports the contention that: |
| | A) | biological factors are predominant in gender differences. |
| | B) | social factors are predominant in gender differences. |
| | C) | differences between genders are a matter of kind, not degree. |
| | D) | sociocultural factors may overwhelm biologically based tendencies. |
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5 | |
Regarding career discrimination based on gender, which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | Jobs held predominately by women are valued less than jobs in which men predominate. |
| | B) | Men entering jobs predominately performed by women may be seen as less competent than women in those types of positions. |
| | C) | Men may be required to make sacrifices affecting career advancement not required of women. |
| | D) | In similar jobs, men feel they must outperform women to gain recognition. |
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6 | |
While women earned about 60 percent of what men earned for the same work through the late 1970s, by 1998 women were earning about _________ percent of what men earned for the same kinds of jobs. |
| | A) | 65 |
| | B) | 68 |
| | C) | 73 |
| | D) | 82 |
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7 | |
A 1998 study concluded that female business managers were earning less than males for equivalent work, when controlling for hours worked, educational background, and self-confidence. What does such a study tell us? |
| | A) | Few women do work equivalent to that of men. |
| | B) | The factors studied don't account for the wage gap. |
| | C) | Women are willing to work for less money than men. |
| | D) | Men expect higher pay than women. |
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8 | |
Which of the following statements is false concerning trends in educational attainment? |
| | A) | A smaller percentage of women obtain master's degrees. |
| | B) | A higher percentage of women finish high school. |
| | C) | A higher percentage of men complete doctoral degrees. |
| | D) | A smaller percentage of women complete four years of college. |
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9 | |
According to ___________, a woman is/was an unfinished man, standing at a lower level of development. |
| | A) | Confucius |
| | B) | Aristotle |
| | C) | American Indians |
| | D) | American Puritans |
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10 | |
Carol Tavris has criticized a number of books that were published in the 1980s and 1990s with the ostensible purpose of helping women. Some of these fell into the trap of blaming the victim. One of these books discusses the "Cinderella Complex," which is: |
| | A) | a tendency of women to enable the bad habits of their male partners. |
| | B) | a tendency to "love too much." |
| | C) | a hidden fear of independence. |
| | D) | a "disease" of codependence. |
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11 | |
Regarding multiple roles and their effects on women's health and well-being, a national survey found that women who were ______________ were the healthiest. |
| | A) | employed and married |
| | B) | married but unemployed |
| | C) | employed and unmarried |
| | D) | unmarried and unemployed |
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12 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which the typical socialization of boys and girls proceeds in the home? |
| | A) | Boys are talked to firmly. |
| | B) | Girls are talked to softly. |
| | C) | Both mothers and fathers tend to use more emotion-laden words with their daughters. |
| | D) | Mothers tend to give their daughters more verbal stimulation. |
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13 | |
In today's more egalitarian social atmosphere, which of the following descriptions tends NOT to be true of children's picture books? |
| | A) | Boys and girls are generally portrayed in terms of traditional roles. |
| | B) | Nearly all males are portrayed as persistent, independent, and active. |
| | C) | Males and females are equally portrayed as using domestic household products. |
| | D) | There is no consistent role for females. |
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14 | |
In a 1997 study of 96 undergraduates, half the group was shown ads portraying women as sex objects. Which of the following statements is true of those who viewed those ads? |
| | A) | Men, but not women, were more inclined to accept rape myths. |
| | B) | Both men and women were more inclined to accept gender stereotypes. |
| | C) | Women, but not men, were more inclined to reject feminist attitudes. |
| | D) | Both men and women were actually less inclined to accept gender stereotypes. |
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15 | |
Concerning the history of women in the labor market, which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | During World War II, public support rose for the employment of single, but not married, women. |
| | B) | During the Great Depression of the 1930s, most Americans rejected the concept of women working outside the home. |
| | C) | Just after World War II, there was an upsurge in public support for the employment of married women outside the home. |
| | D) | Since the end of World War II, women have abandoned any kind of organized struggle to remain active in the labor force. |
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16 | |
According to Weitzman, as cited in your text, no-fault divorce laws _________ related to the negative financial repercussions of divorce for women. |
| | A) | are strongly |
| | B) | are not |
| | C) | have been, but are no longer |
| | D) | should not be |
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17 | |
Your text notes that in recent years a different - fallacious - set of attitudes has arisen among some people regarding women and equality. Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the fallacious attitudes mentioned? |
| | A) | There is no longer any need for policies designed to assist women. |
| | B) | Women who claim discrimination are "radical feminists." |
| | C) | Women who argue that there is discrimination against them are sexually repressed. |
| | D) | There is no longer any discrimination against women. |
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18 | |
The "mommy track" concept proposes that: |
| | A) | women should put aside domestic and parental concerns in favor of the job. |
| | B) | men and women should not have equal political rights. |
| | C) | some women are achievers and some are mothers. |
| | D) | women who will not put aside domestic and maternal designs should be offered a career track designed for their level of aspiration. |
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19 | |
Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the 19th century ideology about a woman's role? |
| | A) | Women have a higher nature than men. |
| | B) | Women must do what men cannot. |
| | C) | A woman's calling is to instill morality in the home. |
| | D) | Women are the nation's moral guardians. |
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20 | |
Which of the following statements about the possible negative effects on children when mothers are employed outside the home is NOT supported by current research? |
| | A) | Maternal employment outside the home per se has no direct negative effect on children. |
| | B) | Children over the age of two seem not to suffer negative consequences from day care. |
| | C) | Some children may actually benefit from day care through enriched social experiences. |
| | D) | Children under the age of two are clearly at risk if they are separated from their mothers because their mothers are employed. |
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21 | |
Research suggests that girls are less relationally aggressive than boys. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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22 | |
The most dramatic increase in the number of women participating directly in the economy through employment occurred among women with children under the age of 6. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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23 | |
In general, married women who work have to do most of the housework. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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24 | |
Szymanski argues that racism and sexism are functional substitutes with respect to employment in menial or low-paying jobs. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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25 | |
In recent years, schools have become models of gender equality. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education