1. Considering the nerve impulse, electricity is the flow of electrons within a wire.
a. How is the nerve impulse different from this?
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b. If a neurotransmitter substance is inhibitory, would you expect a higher or lower voltage reading compared to -65mV on the oscilloscope?
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c. In the laboratory, an axon segment can conduct a nerve impulse in either direction. Why do nerve impulses go only from axon bulb to dendrite or cell body across a synapse in the body?
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d. Nerves cause muscles to contract. Assuming one nerve fiber per one muscle fiber of a muscle, explain how a nerve can bring about degrees of muscle contraction.
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2. Considering a reflex arc:
a. If you applied acid to the left leg of a frog, why might both legs respond?
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b. If you severed just the dorsal root ganglion of the left sciatic nerve that serves the leg, would either leg be able to respond?
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c. If you severed just the ventral root of the left sciatic nerve, would either leg be able to respond?
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d. If you destroyed just the spinal cord, would either leg be able to respond?
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