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1 | |
Which process in the family life cycle is related to "launching"? |
| | A) | birth |
| | B) | leaving home and becoming a single adult |
| | C) | taking one's first job and entering the workforce |
| | D) | expecting that, upon reaching the age of 18, the teenager will leave home |
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2 | |
The struggles that occur during the third stage of the family life cycle involve all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | taking responsibility. |
| | B) | refusal to function as competent parents. |
| | C) | merging two family systems. |
| | D) | inability to function as competent parents. |
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3 | |
Which phrase would many individuals begin to hear during the sixth stage of the family life cycle? |
| | A) | "How come I have to clean my room? I'm almost in the fifth grade!" |
| | B) | "I now pronounce you husband and wife." |
| | C) | "Hi, Grandpa. Hi, Grandma." |
| | D) | "Honey, I'm pregnant!" |
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4 | |
Which of the following best reflects the changes that have occurred in marital relations over the past 60 years? |
| | A) | They have become more fragile due to the changing norm of male-female equality. |
| | B) | They have become more stable because women are now more satisfied with their lives. |
| | C) | The proportion of women who never marry has increased dramatically. |
| | D) | There have been no major changes in terms of stability, only in terms of structure. |
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5 | |
In a cross-cultural study of marriage around the world, Buss et al. (1990) found that which of the following countries considered chastity to be the most important factor in marital selection? |
| | A) | China |
| | B) | Ireland |
| | C) | Germany |
| | D) | the United States |
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6 | |
In a study of beliefs in marriage myths among college students, Jeffrey Larson (1988) found that: |
| | A) | college students' beliefs about marriage are surprisingly realistic. |
| | B) | females tended to approach the subject of marriage more realistically than males. |
| | C) | highly romantic students are likely to experience more marital stability. |
| | D) | the low participation rate in the study indicates that low interest in the subject of marriage seems characteristic among college students generally. |
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7 | |
Which of the following is a myth about marriage described by Gottman and Silver (1999)? |
| | A) | The rate of extramarital affairs by women has increased dramatically. |
| | B) | Affairs are often about seeking to find friendship and support. |
| | C) | There is no one "best" way to work out conflict. |
| | D) | Men are not biologically made for marriage. |
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8 | |
Gottman describes seven main principles that will determine whether a marriage will work or not. These include all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | establishing love maps. |
| | B) | suppressing negative feelings. |
| | C) | letting your partner influence you. |
| | D) | creating shared meaning. |
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9 | |
Research on the effects of marriage on the husband and wife have shown that: |
| | A) | it is a myth to believe there are more benefits to being married than being single. |
| | B) | married men tend to live longer, but there are no significant differences in health between married and unmarried women. |
| | C) | married women tend to live longer, but there are no significant differences in health between married and unmarried men. |
| | D) | an unhappy marriage can shorten an individual's life by four years. |
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10 | |
Which middle-aged couple is most likely to view their marriage as more positive than when they were younger? |
| | A) | Adam and Alice, who enjoy going to theatre and sporting events together. |
| | B) | Barney, who enjoys going to sporting events with his friends, and Bernice, who enjoys going to the theatre with her friends. |
| | C) | Charles and Carrie, who have been taking separate vacations their entire marriage. |
| | D) | Donald, who has just retired, and Debbie, who is still working full time. |
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11 | |
The "final stage in the marriage process" refers to the period: |
| | A) | after one marital partner has died and the other is living as a widow or widower. |
| | B) | from retirement until death. |
| | C) | when conflict is greatest before the marital partners divorce. |
| | D) | when both marital partners need nursing home care. |
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12 | |
All of the following have been found with respect to sexuality in late adulthood, EXCEPT older adults: |
| | A) | emphasize intimacy over sexual prowess. |
| | B) | especially enjoy touching and caressing. |
| | C) | may still engage in sexual activities. |
| | D) | are more inhibited than younger adults about sexuality. |
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13 | |
Which of the following is NOT one of the common problems of single adults |
| | A) | intimate relationships with other adults |
| | B) | increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases |
| | C) | confronting loneliness |
| | D) | finding a niche in a marriage-oriented society |
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14 | |
Which of the following is a benefit of cohabitation? |
| | A) | Relationships in cohabitation tend to last longer than marriages because there are fewer pressures. |
| | B) | Relationships in cohabitation tend to be more equal than in marriage. |
| | C) | Cohabitation improves an individual's chances for choosing a compatible marriage partner. |
| | D) | Cohabitation leads to greater marital happiness and success. |
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15 | |
Which of the following couples is most likely to get divorced? |
| | A) | Elaine and Alan, whose marriage in their late forties was the first for both. |
| | B) | Ivana and Edward, whose joint annual income exceeds $1,000,000. |
| | C) | Linda and Phil, who got married their senior year of high school when they learned Linda was pregnant. |
| | D) | Jennifer and Burt, who both have Ph.D.s in the social sciences. |
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16 | |
Divorced men and women have higher rates of all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | clinical depression. |
| | B) | alcoholism. |
| | C) | sleep disorders. |
| | D) | immunity to diseases. |
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17 | |
When compared with younger divorcing couples, Gottman and Levenson (2000) found that couples who divorce in midlife: |
| | A) | have grown apart from each other. |
| | B) | feel more alienated and avoidant. |
| | C) | are burned out from emotional turmoil. |
| | D) | are more volatile and expressive. |
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18 | |
On average, after getting divorced: |
| | A) | women remarry within a year after their divorce if they have young children. |
| | B) | divorced adults remarry within 4 years. |
| | C) | men will wait longer than women to get remarried. |
| | D) | most divorced adults will not remarry. |
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19 | |
Visher and Visher (1989) suggested all of the following as strategies that help remarried couples cope with the stress of living in a stepfamily, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | have realistic expectations. |
| | B) | create new traditions. |
| | C) | allot time alone for each other. |
| | D) | bring old traditions into the new family. |
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20 | |
With respect to gay and lesbian relationships, researchers have found: |
| | A) | these relationships are similar to heterosexual relationships in their satisfactions, loves, and conflicts. |
| | B) | there are more conflicts in homosexual relationships than there are in heterosexual relationships. |
| | C) | gay and lesbian partners are generally more open about expressing their love than their heterosexual counterparts. |
| | D) | there is both more conflict and more satisfaction in homosexual relationships than in heterosexual relationships. |
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21 | |
Jim and Joe have been together for 10 years in a committed relationship. They are now talking about adopting a child. Researchers have found that when compared with children in hetereosexual families, a child reared by a homosexual couple is: |
| | A) | just as likely to be popular with peers. |
| | B) | more likely to have adjustment problems. |
| | C) | less likely to have mental health problems. |
| | D) | more likely to become a homosexual. |
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22 | |
Which statement is NOT a myth about parenting? |
| | A) | The birth of a child will save a failing marriage. |
| | B) | Children will take care of parents in their old age. |
| | C) | When children fail, the parent is not entirely to blame. |
| | D) | Mothers are naturally better parents than fathers. |
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23 | |
In the 1930s, John Watson argued that parents: |
| | A) | should provide their children with a nurturing environment. |
| | B) | should put their children on a regular schedule for feeding, toileting, and sleeping. |
| | C) | are too affectionate with their children. |
| | D) | are not sufficiently affectionate with their children. |
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24 | |
All of the following characterize children of authoritarian parents, EXCEPT that they: |
| | A) | fail to initiate activity. |
| | B) | have weak communication skills. |
| | C) | are anxious about social comparison. |
| | D) | lack self-control. |
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25 | |
Mr. Williams was talking to Ms. Jones on the phone and they got disconnected. When he called Ms. Jones back, he explained that his daughter had cut the phone cord. Ms. Jones asked, "Didn't you see her with the scissors?" to which Mr. Williams replied, "Oh, we don't like to put limits on our children-they need to experience life to the fullest." It sounds like Mr. Williams is _______ parent. |
| | A) | an authoritarian |
| | B) | an authoritative |
| | C) | a neglectful |
| | D) | an indulgent |
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26 | |
All of the following are dimensions of Baumrind's parenting styles, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | acceptance. |
| | B) | responsiveness. |
| | C) | rejection. |
| | D) | control. |
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27 | |
Maltreated children are likely to develop which attachment pattern? |
| | A) | disorganized |
| | B) | avoidant |
| | C) | anxious |
| | D) | rebellious |
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28 | |
Research on the relationship between the role of parenting and children's development has demonstrated that: |
| | A) | parenting is primarily responsible for children's development. |
| | B) | heredity is primarily responsible for children's development. |
| | C) | parenting and peer relations are jointly responsible for children's development. |
| | D) | parenting, heredity, and peer relations are all responsible for children's development. |
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29 | |
The text suggests that a good parenting strategy is to: |
| | A) | play a Mozart CD to enrich your child's brain. |
| | B) | read a one-minute bedtime bear book to your child. |
| | C) | spend time with your child. |
| | D) | relax and not worry excessively about child-rearing practices. |
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30 | |
Parent-adolescent conflicts likely revolve around all of the following, EXCEPT: |
| | A) | keeping bedrooms clean. |
| | B) | getting home on time. |
| | C) | taking drugs. |
| | D) | talking on the phone. |
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31 | |
Parents who want their adolescents to make a smooth transition into adulthood should: |
| | A) | relinquish control in all areas and let the adolescent take over. |
| | B) | maintain control in as many areas as possible for as long as possible. |
| | C) | relinquish control in areas where the adolescent has shown competence and maintain control in those areas where the adolescent's knowledge is limited. |
| | D) | maintain control of issues dealing with family and relinquish control for those issues having to do with peer relations. relationship with her best friend. |
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32 | |
Talia, age 16, has a secure attachment with her parents. One might expect she will: |
| | A) | have trouble breaking away from her parents to form peer relationships. |
| | B) | tend to be more dependent in her relationships. |
| | C) | have a lower sense of her self-worth. |
| | D) | have better relations with her peers than her insecurely attached counterparts. |
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33 | |
Which statement best characterizes the new model of parent-adolescent relationships? |
| | A) | As adolescents mature, they detach from parents and move into a world of autonomy apart from parents. |
| | B) | Parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence. |
| | C) | Everyday negotiations and minor disputes between parents and adolescents are harmful to developmental functions. |
| | D) | Parents serve as important attachment figures, resources, and support systems as adolescents explore their world. |
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34 | |
Which of the following facts about grandparents is TRUE? |
| | A) | Grandfathers are more satisfied with the grandparenting role than grandmothers. |
| | B) | Younger grandparents are less willing than older grandparents to care for grandchildren. |
| | C) | Paternal grandparents spend less time with their grandchildren than maternal grandparents. |
| | D) | About 50 percent of grandparents say they are happy with their relationship with their grandchildren. |
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35 | |
In their study of grandparent roles, Neugarten and Weinstein (1964), found all of the following to be meanings attached to being a grandparent, EXCEPT being a grandparent is: |
| | A) | a source of biological reward and continuity. |
| | B) | a source of emotional self-fulfillment. |
| | C) | not an important role. |
| | D) | something they prefer to deny. |
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36 | |
Which child is most likely to be raised by a single grandmother? |
| | A) | Aisha, who is African-American |
| | B) | Greg, who is White |
| | C) | Kim, who is Korean |
| | D) | Maria, who is Latina |
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37 | |
Parents and their adult children are most likely to DISAGREE about: |
| | A) | political party. |
| | B) | church attendance. |
| | C) | choice of lifestyle. |
| | D) | abortion. |
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38 | |
Which of the following pairs is most likely to have the closest relationship? |
| | A) | Margaret, age 65, and her son, Michael |
| | B) | Mildred, age 65, and her daughter, Roberta |
| | C) | Mort, age 65, and his son, Larry |
| | D) | Milton, age 65, and his daughter, Sandy |
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39 | |
Middle-aged adults have been described as the "sandwich" generation because: |
| | A) | they are now responsible for taking care of grandchildren, including preparing their meals, while their adult children are at work. |
| | B) | as retirees, they now spend more time at home and are able to eat together as a couple. |
| | C) | they face the demands of caring for both their children and their elderly parents. |
| | D) | it is now up to them to pass on family traditions to their children and grandchildren. |
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40 | |
If the typical pattern is followed, which of the following middle-aged individuals is most likely to care for an aging parent? |
| | A) | Arthur, a divorced man living alone. |
| | B) | Beatrice, whose children are now living on their own. |
| | C) | Candice, whose three teenagers are still living at home. |
| | D) | Derick, who lives with his wife and their teenage daughter. |
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41 | |
Most sibling relationships in adulthood have been found to be: |
| | A) | apathetic. |
| | B) | close. |
| | C) | rivalrous. |
| | D) | antagonistic. |
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42 | |
Anita and Larry were always close as children. Now that they are in middle adulthood, we would expect that they would: |
| | A) | still be close. |
| | B) | be less close, particularly if they live in different parts of the country. |
| | C) | be less close no matter where they live. |
| | D) | be able to count on each other in times of crisis, but otherwise not maintain much contact. |
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43 | |
Parents are likely to treat their firstborns differently than their later-born children in that they: |
| | A) | have higher expectations for later-born children. |
| | B) | put more pressure on the firstborn for achievement and responsibility. |
| | C) | interfere less with the firstborn's activities. |
| | D) | give the firstborn more attention than later-born children. |
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44 | |
Compared with earlier periods, children today are growing up in _______ family structures. |
| | A) | about the same kinds of |
| | B) | entirely different |
| | C) | a smaller variety of |
| | D) | a greater variety of |
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45 | |
Marlene, a single parent, works full time, so her 11-year-old daughter Beth is an after-school latchkey child. To minimize the negative impact of this situation, Marlene should: |
| | A) | encourage Beth to make friends that she can hang out with after school. |
| | B) | use authoritative parenting and monitor Beth's activities. |
| | C) | explain the importance of independence and provide at-home responsibilities so Beth learns independent living. |
| | D) | hire a babysitter. |
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46 | |
The research on the effects of divorce on children suggests that: |
| | A) | most children competently cope with their parents' divorce. |
| | B) | older children are better able to cope with their parents' divorce. |
| | C) | children from divorced families have more adjustment problems than children from nondivorced families. |
| | D) | generally speaking, it is better for the children if parents remain in a marriage even if there is a great deal of conflict. |
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47 | |
You are going through a divorce and must talk to your children about it. Which of the following is a good recommendation? |
| | A) | Do not explain the separation because no matter what you say, the children are likely to believe it's somehow their fault. |
| | B) | Explain that it may take time to feel better. |
| | C) | Help them understand the divorce by being honest about your ex-spouse's shortcomings as well as your own. |
| | D) | Make a "clean break" by starting fresh and getting rid of as many reminders of the marriage as possible. |
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48 | |
Which of the following is a good example of boundary ambiguity? |
| | A) | parents in a blended family deciding on who should discipline the children |
| | B) | children of divorce who are deciding which parent they will stay with |
| | C) | fighting parents who are unsure if they should divorce or separate |
| | D) | children from a blended stepfamily attending the birthday party of a step-sibling |
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49 | |
According to Hetherington's (1999) research on family functioning and adolescent adjustment in stepfamilies, which setting is most likely to be linked with family relationship problems? |
| | A) | simple stepfamlies |
| | B) | nonstepfamilies |
| | C) | complex stepfamilies |
| | D) | Hetherington found no statistically significant differences |
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50 | |
Cross-cultural research by Whiting and Edwards (1988) on variations in parenting has found that the most common pattern of parenting is one that is: |
| | A) | distant. |
| | B) | nurturing. |
| | C) | warm and controlling. |
| | D) | demanding of obedience. |
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51 | |
It is more common for low-income families than middle- or upper-income families to: |
| | A) | use verbal praise. |
| | B) | use criticism. |
| | C) | use reasoning. |
| | D) | encourage questions. |
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education