Human Diversity in Education: An Integrative Approach, 4/e

Kenneth H. Cushner, Kent State University, Kent
Averil McClelland, Kent State University, Kent
Philip Safford, Case Western Reserve University

Creating Developmentally Appropriate Classrooms: The Importance of Age and Developmental Status

Definitions

Cognitive structures	The ways in which individuals organize or scaffold knowledge so as to learn, remember, think, and otherwise use it. (See 322)



Constructivist perspective	The belief that all knowledge is built, or "constructed," by individual learners; it is thus important when teaching and learning new knowledge to connect it to knowledge already known. (See 322)



Developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)	Instructional practices that are organized and designed on the basis of the age and development of the student. (See 319)



Nature versus nurture debate	A long-standing argument about which is more important in the outcome of an individual's development: a set of inborn and immutable characteristics, or education, that is to say, learning. (See 330)

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