Web Links

History of the Standards and Accountability Movement

For more information on Goals 2000, the National Council on Educational Standards and Testing, and the Educate America Act, see

Original eight education goals http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/goals2000/whatisG2K.htm

Goals 2000: Reforming Education to Improve Student Achievement http://www.ed.gov/pubs/G2KReforming/

Goals 2000 Legislation and Related Items http://www.ed.gov/G2K/

The "No Child Left Behind Act" of 2001

For details on and provisions of the 2002 reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, see

"ESEA to Boost Federal Role in Education," by Robert Rothman, on the Education Week web site at http://www.edweek.org/ew/newstory.cfm?slug=16esea.h21.

The Case for Standardized Testing

For information on the arguments for both standards and standardized testing, see the Fordham Foundation position on standards and accountability, at

http://www.edexcellence.net/topics/standards.html

For more information on standardized testing, see the following:

ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation http://www.ericae.net/

National Science Foundation, Pros and Cons of Standardized Testing http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/seind93/chap1/doc/1f193.htm

The Case for Multiple Forms of Assessment

For insights into the variety of criticisms of "high stakes" testing, and for research and proposals on multiple forms of assessment, see the following:

"Bamboozled by the Texas Miracle" http://www.rethinkingschools.org/Archives/16_01/Tex161.htm

"Resisting High Stakes Tests" http://www.rethinkingschools.org/Archives/15_04/High154.htm

"Holding Schools Accountable for Achievement" http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed434381.html

"Integrative Curriculum in a Standards Based-World" http://www.ed.gov/databases/ERIC_Digests/ed441618.html

"Principles and Indicators for Student Assessment Systems" http://www.fairtest.org/princind.htm

Robert B. Reich – "Standards For What?" http://www.edweek.org/ew/ewstory.cfm?slug=41reich.h20

Lynn Olson, "Study Warns Against Reliance on Testing Data" http://www.edweek.org/ew/vol-17/28chic.h17

Multiple Forms of Assessment: Examples

For examples of multiple forms of assessments, the following web sites may be useful:

North Central Regional Educational Laboratory http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/methods/assment/as8lk30.htm

American Evaluation Association http://www.eval.org/

Teacher Expectations

For more on the subject of teacher expectations, see

North Central Regional Education Laboratory http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/students/atrisk/at6lk11.htm

Alfie Kohn

For more about Alfie Kohn and his ideas, see

Alfie Kohn's web page http://www.alfiekohn.org/

Alfie Kohn, "For Best Results, Forget the Bonus" http://www.thinksmart.com/articles/forgetbonus.html

Alfie Kohn, "How Not to Teach Values: A Critical Look at Character Education" http://www.padnet.org/archkohn.html

Ron Brandt, "Strengthening Student Engagement" http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/9509/kohn.html

"Carrots or Sticks? Alfie Kohn on Rewards and Punishments" http://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr299.shtml