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Multiple Choice
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1

______________ is the manipulation of mental representations of information.
A)Insight
B)Language
C)Thinking
D)Use of algorithms
2

Wolfgang Kohler's classic experiment, where he exposed chimps to challenging situations, is an impressive display of
A)insight.
B)mental set.
C)syllogistic reasoning.
D)algorithms.
3

What other words can be made from the letters in "PSYCHOLOGICAL"? This is a type of
A)transformation problem.
B)problem of inducing structure.
C)means-end analysis.
D)arrangement problem.
4

Thinking of a fork as an eating utensil and not as a "back scratcher" is an example of
A)convergent thinking.
B)functional fixedness.
C)syllogistic thinking.
D)creativity.
5

Jesse stated, "I dranked all my milk." This is an example of
A)overgeneralization.
B)telegraphic speech.
C)babbling.
D)prototypical speech.
6

In problems of inducing structure, the goal is to
A)generate new elements in order to induce a new structure.
B)impress others with your problem-solving skills.
C)identify and extend relationships that exist among the elements.
D)convert an initial state into a satisfactory end-state solution.
7

Which of the following theories espouse the idea that language acquisition follows the principles of reinforcement and conditioning?
A)linguistic-relativity hypothesis
B)language-acquisition device
C)universal grammar
D)learning-theory approach
8

In Binet's IQ test, if a child's mental age exceeds her chronological age,
A)the child's IQ is significantly less than 100.
B)the child is probably mildly retarded.
C)the child's IQ is greater than 100.
D)the intelligence test was not reliable.
9

Tests for which norms have been developed are known as
A)standardized tests.
B)adaptive tests.
C)reliable tests.
D)culture-fair tests.
10

______________ intelligence is related to overall success in living.
A)Academic
B)Practical
C)Emotional
D)Fluid
11

A test is ______________ if you get nearly the same score each time you retake it.
A)reliable
B)valid
C)reliable and valid
D)norm-referenced
12

Study strategies that you have learned in this course have become part of your ______________ intelligence.
A)g-factor
B)fluid
C)common sense
D)crystallized
13

Mentally retarded individuals who are classified as ______________ retarded have the best prospects for successful mainstreaming.
A)mildly
B)moderately
C)severely
D)profoundly
14

Identifying the sequence of steps used in making a complex mental judgment is characteristic of the ______________ approach to intelligence.
A)eight multiple factors
B)information-processing
C)fluid/crystallized
D)g-factor
15

The most common biological cause of mental retardation is
A)Down syndrome.
B)brain starvation of oxygen at birth.
C)severe car accidents.
D)physical abuse during infancy.





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